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Obesity and New-Onset Asthma Risk in Chronic Rhinosinusitis: A Population-Based Cohort Study
Austin J Lee1, Michael W Liu1, Mohamad R Chaaban2
1Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine Cleveland Ohio USA.
Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology
|May 18, 2026
Summary
Elevated body mass index (BMI) significantly increases asthma risk and exacerbations in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) patients. This risk escalates with higher BMI categories, highlighting the importance of weight management in CRS care.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonology
- Allergy and Immunology
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Obesity and chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) are known independent risk factors for asthma.
- The combined impact of elevated body mass index (BMI) and CRS on asthma development and exacerbations requires further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the association between elevated BMI and new-onset asthma in patients with CRS.
- To assess the impact of elevated BMI on asthma exacerbations in patients with CRS.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective cohort study utilized the TriNetX U.S. Collaborative Network (2009-2019).
- Adults with unspecified CRS and recorded BMI were stratified into healthy, overweight, and obese categories.
- Patients were matched by demographics and comorbidities; outcomes included new-onset asthma and exacerbations at 1, 2, and 5 years.
Main Results:
- Overweight and obese CRS patients exhibited significantly higher risks of new-onset asthma and exacerbations compared to healthy-weight controls.
- These increased risks persisted at 1, 2, and 5-year follow-ups, demonstrating a graded relationship with BMI.
- Secondary analyses in non-CRS patients showed elevated BMI also increased asthma risk, though absolute rates were higher in the CRS group.
Conclusions:
- Elevated BMI is a significant risk factor for asthma onset and exacerbations in patients with CRS.
- The findings suggest a broader link between excess adiposity and asthma, but underscore the clinical importance of BMI assessment in CRS management due to higher absolute asthma rates.
- Weight management strategies may be crucial for mitigating asthma risk in individuals with CRS.
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