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Related Concept Videos

Diamagnetism01:26

Diamagnetism

Materials consisting of paired electrons have zero net magnetic moments. However, when these materials are placed under an external magnetic field, the moments opposite to the field are induced. Such materials are called diamagnets. Diamagnetism is the response of the diamagnets when placed in an external magnetic field.
Diamagnetism was discovered by Anton Brugmans in 1778 when he observed that bismuth gets repelled by magnetic fields, thus theorizing that diamagnets get repelled by magnets.
Paramagnetism01:30

Paramagnetism

Paramagnets are materials with unpaired electrons that possess a finite magnetic moment. In the absence of a magnetic field, these moments are randomly oriented, and thus the net moment is zero. Under an external field, a torque acting on the moments tends to align them along the field's direction. However, the random thermal motion of electrons produces a torque opposite to the external field and tries to disorient the moments. These two competing effects align only a few moments along the...
Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
π Electron Effects on Chemical Shift: Overview01:27

π Electron Effects on Chemical Shift: Overview

An applied magnetic field causes loosely bound π-electrons in organic molecules to circulate, producing a local or induced diamagnetic field over a large spatial volume. As the molecules tumble in solution, the field generated by π-electrons in spherical substituents results in a zero net field. However, the net field generated by π-electrons in non-spherical substituents is not zero. The effect of this induced field depends on the orientation of the molecule with respect to B0, resulting in...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 19, 2026

Radio Frequency Magnetron Sputtering of GdBa2Cu3O7&#8722;&#948;/ La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 Quasi-bilayer Films on SrTiO3 (STO) Single-crystal Substrates
06:49

Radio Frequency Magnetron Sputtering of GdBa2Cu3O7−δ/ La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 Quasi-bilayer Films on SrTiO3 (STO) Single-crystal Substrates

Published on: April 12, 2019

Dual-Ion Based Magneto-ionic Effects in Nanoporous Pd75Co25 Alloy.

Stefan Eber1, Georg Haberfehlner2, Peter Banzer3

  • 1Institute of Materials Physics, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, Petersgasse 16, 8010 Graz, Austria.

ACS Materials Au
|May 18, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Magneto-ionics in Pd-Co alloys offers energy-efficient magnetic control. This study reveals two voltage-induced effects: one from oxide reduction and another from hydrogen interaction, enabling tunable magnetic properties.

Keywords:
dealloyingelectrochemistrymagnetic materialsmagnetic propertiesmagneto-ionicsnanoporous materials

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Electrochemistry

Background:

  • Magneto-ionics enables voltage-controlled magnetic properties.
  • Previous work focused on oxygen species in cobalt.
  • New approaches are needed for advanced magnetic materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate magneto-ionic effects in Pd-Co alloys.
  • To explore voltage-induced switching using hydrogen and oxygen species.
  • To demonstrate tunable magnetic properties in nanoporous Pd-Co.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of nanoporous Pd75Co25 alloy via dealloying.
  • Electrochemical characterization of magnetic switching.
  • Analysis of voltage-induced changes in magnetization.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated two distinct magneto-ionic effects in Pd-Co alloys.
  • Achieved ferromagnetic ON state from reduced cobalt oxides.
  • Observed a faster, hydrogen-induced increase in magnetization.

Conclusions:

  • Pd-Co alloys exhibit dual magneto-ionic effects based on oxygen and hydrogen.
  • Nanoporous structure facilitates rapid magnetic switching.
  • Alloy composition tuning offers adaptable magneto-ionic responses.