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Resting-State Functional Connectivity Alterations in Pediatric Survivors of Severe COVID-19: An Exploratory
Yunuen Rojas-Lemus1, Silvia Hidalgo-Tobón1,2, Daniel Eduardo Alvarez-Amado2
1Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico.
Objectives:
To assess resting-state functional connectivity and exploratory cognitive vulnerability in pediatric survivors of severe COVID-19 compared with healthy pre-pandemic controls.
Introduction:
Pediatric neurocognitive sequelae after SARS-CoV-2 infection remain poorly characterized.
Methods:
We conducted an observational case-control study including 14 children hospitalized for severe COVID-19 and 31 healthy pre-pandemic controls scanned on the same 3T MRI system using identical rs-fMRI protocols and a standardized CONN/SPM pipeline. ROI-to-ROI connectivity was analyzed with cluster-level FDR correction (P < .05).
Results:
Post-COVID participants showed 3 altered connectivity clusters: increased Default Mode-visual medial coupling, stronger dorsal attention-sensorimotor anticorrelations, and enhanced temporo-occipital-vermis connectivity. In an exploratory subset (8 post-COVID, 12 controls), 50% of post-COVID children had abnormally low Timeliness and 25% low Impulsivity MOXO-d-CPT z-scores, whereas no controls were abnormal.
Conclusion:
These preliminary findings suggest subtle post-infectious cognitive vulnerability and warrant confirmation in larger longitudinal cohorts.
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