Exploring the relationship between South African veterinarians and veterinary physiotherapists

Veterinary physiotherapy is a newly promulgated independent profession in South Africa. Veterinary physiotherapists work under referral or in collaboration with a veterinarian. Veterinarians therefore significantly influence appropriate client referrals. The study examined the relationship dynamics between veterinarians and veterinary physiotherapists in South Africa, with a focus on identifying the barriers and facilitators influencing referral practices by veterinarians. This descriptive cross-sectional study used a sequential exploratory mixed-method approach. Three phases of data collection were completed utilising both semi-structured interviews, phases 1 and 3, and two self-developed descriptive questionnaires administered to both veterinarians and veterinary physiotherapists in phase 2. Interviews transcripts were analysed using an inductive thematic approach to identify common themes. Questionnaire data was analysed using a descriptive statistical analysis and correlation tests to determine the relationship between variables. Statistical significance was calculated and determined using p < 0.05. Sixty-five percent (65%, n = 63) of veterinarians regularly referred patients to veterinary physiotherapy. Significant correlations were found between the type of veterinary practice and the likelihood to refer. Forty-nine percent (49%, n = 29) of veterinary physiotherapists received regular referrals from veterinarians. Regular referrals from veterinarians and a higher veterinary physiotherapy caseload were significantly correlated. The interviews revealed themes around how communication, location, and understanding the physiotherapy profession impacted the veterinarians' likelihood to refer. While there appears to be a positive perception of the veterinary physiotherapy profession by veterinarians, there remains potential for growth regarding veterinary referrals to veterinary physiotherapy. This can be supported by better communication between the professions and ongoing education.