Outcome of Inflammatory Choroidal Neovascularization in Egypt

The main aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical features, etiology, and outcome of treatment of inflammatory choroidal neovascularization (i-CNV).

A retrospective observational consecutive multicenter study. Treatments were physician dependent. There were no prospective data collection elements.

A total of 57 patients (71 eyes) were included. The most common underlying diseases included VKH disease, accounting for 47.4% of cases, followed by idiopathic cases (14%), then PIC (10.5%). The most common anatomical type was panuveitis, accounting for (66.7%) of cases, followed by posterior uveitis (19.3%), then intermediate uveitis (10.5%), and the least common was anterior uveitis (3.5%). The most common type of i-CNV in our 71 eyes was type 2, accounting for (67.6%) of cases, followed by Type 1 (19.7%), then Type 3 (11.3%). There was a statistically significant improvement of Best Corrected Visual Acuity (BCVA) after treatment, with a mean BCVA increasing from 0.34 to 0.41 (p = 0.002). Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) showed a statistically significant change in Central Subfield Thickness (CST) after treatment (p = 0.013), with a notable decrease in cases having CST between 200-300 (from 28.2% to 50.7%). The follow-up duration and treatment modalities were heterogeneous.

Inflammatory CNV is a serious sight-threatening complication of uveitis. It can occur in any anatomical type of uveitis. Our cohort showed increased incidence of i-CNV in patients with anterior and intermediate uveitis compared to previous reports. Furthermore, the less frequent type 3 CNV was seen among our patents.