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Batteries and Fuel Cells03:12

Batteries and Fuel Cells

A battery is a galvanic cell that is used as a source of electrical power for specific applications. Modern batteries exist in a multitude of forms to accommodate various applications, from tiny button batteries such as those that power wristwatches to the very large batteries used to supply backup energy to municipal power grids. Some batteries are designed for single-use applications and cannot be recharged (primary cells), while others are based on conveniently reversible cell reactions that...

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Membraneless Hydrogen Peroxide Fuel Cells as a Promising Clean Energy Source
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High-Performance Metal-Supported Protonic Ceramic Fuel Cell Utilizing Ammonia-Derived Fuel.

Xuemei Li1, Hanchen Tian2, Bo Guan3

  • 1Chemical and Biomedical Engineering Department, Benjamin M. Statler College of Engineering Mineral Resources, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|May 19, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study addresses challenges in metal-supported protonic ceramic fuel cells (MS-PCFCs) for ammonia energy. Researchers identified processing conditions for stable NH3 operation, achieving significant power densities and long-term performance.

Keywords:
ammonia fuelcosinteringmetal-supported PCFCproton-conducting electrolyteprotonic ceramic fuel cells

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Energy Conversion

Background:

  • Metal-supported protonic ceramic fuel cells (MS-PCFCs) show promise for ammonia-based energy conversion.
  • Development is hindered by challenges in cosintering, fuel electrode reduction, and chemical stability in ammonia (NH3).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate and overcome the coupled challenges in Ni-metal-supported PCFCs for ammonia utilization.
  • To establish a fabrication window for cosintering dense electrolytes with porous Ni supports.
  • To optimize performance and long-term stability of MS-PCFCs under ammonia.

Main Methods:

  • Correlated reduction conditions and electrolyte processing to identify a fabrication window for BaZr0.1Ce0.7Y0.1Yb0.1O3-δ (BZCYYb1711) electrolyte and Ni support.
  • Incorporated an anode functional layer to improve interfacial compatibility and reduce ohmic resistance.
  • Employed an upstream NH3 predecomposition strategy for long-term ammonia operation testing.

Main Results:

  • Identified a fabrication window enabling cosintering of dense BZCYYb1711 electrolyte with porous Ni support, maintaining structural integrity.
  • Achieved peak power densities of 0.72 W cm-2 with NH3 and 1.05 W cm-2 with H2 at 700 °C.
  • Demonstrated stable operation for 300 hours under NH3 at 600 °C.

Conclusions:

  • Established practical processing and microstructural insights for Ni-based MS-PCFCs operated with ammonia.
  • The developed fabrication strategy and operational approach enable stable and efficient ammonia utilization in MS-PCFCs.