Unilateral Idiopathic Foveal Haemorrhage in a Young Female Adult

Unilateral idiopathic foveal haemorrhage is a rare condition, most often reported in otherwise healthy adults younger than 40 years, and is generally associated with a favourable prognosis.

We report the case of a 35-year-old woman who presented to the emergency department with isolated intraretinal foveal haemorrhage. Multimodal imaging, including optical coherence tomography (OCT), optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), fundus photography and follow-up fluorescein angiography, was performed to assess the lesion localisation and exclude an underlying retinal vascular abnormality. Systemic evaluation did not identify any underlying cause.

Foveal haemorrhage in a young, otherwise healthy patient is a diagnostic challenge and should be evaluated gradually, with a thorough medical history and multimodal imaging, to accurately diagnose and treat the patient. The treatment of idiopathic foveal haemorrhages has no standardised protocol and should be tailored to each case individually. Further research is needed to define evidence-based management strategies for this patient group.