[Comparison of robot-assisted and conventional endoscopic abdominal surgeries in the Russian Federation: a systematic...

To compare the results of robot-assisted (RA) and laparoscopic (LA) technologies in abdominal surgery in Russian surgical practice.

A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted in accordance with methodological recommendations of the Russian Ministry of Health and the Cochrane guidelines. Considering heterogeneity of primary study designs, we did not determine the overall effect of meta-analysis. Differences were presented for each study. The review continues the 2021 study and updates data using similar inclusion criteria and approaches to meta-analysis.

The number of studies devoted to abdominal robotic surgery has increased since 2020. Controlled non-randomized trials comprised 96%. Predominant area of research was oncological coloproctology. Duration of robotic surgeries varied from 113 to 665 min, laparoscopic surgeries - from 91 to 427 min. Differences in favor of shorter laparoscopic surgery were significant in half of the studies. The incidence of intraoperative complications in robotic interventions varied from 0% to 13%, in laparoscopic interventions - from 0% to 30%. There was a tendency to less blood loss in robotic interventions. Comparison of inpatient treatment, postoperative complications (0-56% after robotic interventions, 1-70.6% after laparoscopic surgeries) and mortality (0-8.7% after robotic surgery and 0-11.8% after laparoscopic interventions) did not reveal significant differences.

At the modern stage of robotic surgery in the Russian Federation, differences between robotic and traditional laparoscopic interventions are not significant in abdominal surgery. Further researches with higher methodological quality are needed due to low evidence base.