[Effects of AMF and Clay Minerals on Soil Microbial Community Structure]

At present， there are few studies on the field application of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi （AMF） and clay minerals on farmland soil. The effects of AMF and clay minerals on soil microbial community under field planting conditions were studied. AMF and clay minerals were applied to wheat planting soil， and high-throughput sequencing and other technologies were used to investigate the effects of additives on soil bacterial communities， fungal communities， and physicochemical indicators. The results showed that compared with the blank， the alkalinity of wheat rhizosphere soil was reduced after the addition of AMF and minerals respectively， and the pH of clay minerals alone decreased the most， with a decrease of 13.7%， and compared with the blank sample， the alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen （AN） in the other three samples increased by 4.53%， 6.1%， and 26.22%， respectively. At the bacterial phylum level， compared with the blank， the growth conditions of Proteobacteria were optimized and the relative abundance of the proteobacteria phylum was increased by the addition and application of AMF agents and minerals respectively. At the level of bacterial phylum， the abundance of Acidobacteriota was progressively reduced with the addition of AMF agents and minerals compared to the blank. The correlation between dominant bacteria and soil fertility indexes showed that Proteobacteria were significantly positively correlated with alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen， but negatively correlated with total nitrogen， and Proteobacteria had a certain promotion effect on other nutrients when using nitrogen in soil for metabolic activities. Acidobacteria was positively correlated with pH and total phosphorus， and negatively correlated with organic matter， alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen， available potassium and available phosphorus. Actinomycetes were significantly positively correlated with organic matter， available potassium and available phosphorus， positively correlated with total nitrogen， negatively correlated with pH， total phosphorus and total potassium， and had a low correlation with alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen. Sclerocystis was significantly positively correlated with total phosphorus and alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen， positively correlated with total nitrogen and total potassium， while Claroideoglomus was significantly positively correlated with total potassium. The COG functional classification statistics showed that the protein abundance trend was similar， but the protein abundance of different samples was up-regulated or down-regulated. The results of this study can provide a theoretical basis for improving soil fertility and health and sustainable agricultural development.