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Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
Published on: June 16, 2014
Resting Heart Rate and Incident CKD Among Individuals With CKD Risk Factors
Hirotaka Saito1, Kenichi Tanaka1,2, Hiroshi Kimura1,2
1Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan.
Insights
A higher resting heart rate (RHR) is linked to increased chronic kidney disease (CKD) risk in individuals with CKD risk factors. This study highlights RHR as a potential indicator for CKD development.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Cardiology
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Elevated resting heart rate (RHR) is a known risk factor for mortality and cardiovascular events.
- The association between RHR and the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in individuals with existing CKD risk factors is not well-established.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between baseline RHR and the incidence of CKD.
- To evaluate RHR as a potential predictor for new-onset CKD in a cohort with established CKD risk factors.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of 1210 participants from the Fukushima Cohort Study with CKD risk factors but no baseline CKD or proteinuria.
- Participants were categorized into RHR groups: <70 bpm (reference), 70-79 bpm, and ≥80 bpm.
- Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess associations, adjusting for relevant covariates.
Main Results:
- During a mean follow-up of 4.3 years, 353 participants developed CKD.
- A RHR ≥80 bpm was associated with a 1.35-fold increased risk of incident CKD compared to the reference group (<70 bpm).
- The association was more pronounced in participants with diabetes.
Conclusions:
- Higher resting heart rate is associated with an increased risk of incident chronic kidney disease.
- RHR may serve as a valuable clinical marker for predicting CKD development in at-risk populations.
Aim:
Elevated resting heart rate has been associated with increased risks of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular events. However, its association with the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD) among individuals with established CKD risk factors under clinical care remains uncertain.
Methods:
We analysed 1210 participants with one or more CKD risk factors, an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥ 60 mL/min/1.73 m2, and no proteinuria at baseline, enrolled in the Fukushima Cohort Study, to evaluate the association between baseline resting heart rate and new-onset CKD. Participants were classified into three groups according to baseline heart rate: < 70 (reference), 70-79 and ≥ 80 bpm. Associations were examined using Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for demographic, clinical and treatment covariates.
Results:
During a mean follow-up of 4.3 years, 353 participants developed CKD. Compared with the reference group (< 70 bpm), the adjusted hazard ratios for CKD were 0.94 (95% confidence interval, 0.71-1.25) in the 70-79 bpm group and 1.35 (95% confidence interval, 1.04-1.74) in the ≥ 80 bpm group. Subgroup analysis showed that the association between resting heart rate and new-onset CKD was stronger among participants with diabetes than among those without.
Conclusion:
Among individuals with CKD risk factors but without CKD at baseline, a higher resting heart rate was associated with an increased risk of incident CKD.
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