Advances in Biomarkers for CAR-T Treatment Resistance in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy has made significant progress in treating hematologic tumors, particularly diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). However, over 50% of patients are resistant after CAR-T cell therapy for DLBCL, and drug resistance is gradually becoming a major obstacle limiting its efficacy. This review primarily focuses on the mechanisms of resistance to CAR-T cell therapies, including immune escape of tumor cells, CAR-T cell dysfunction, and the tumor microenvironment (TME). It explores potential predictive markers of resistance in the context of relevant resistance mechanisms, such as tumor cell surface antigens, CAR-T cell function, and gene mutation-related substances within the tumor microenvironment. The exploration of these potential predictive markers yields some relevant insights for future studies on resistance to CAR-T in the treatment of DLBCL.