Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 22, 2026
14:59
Neuronavigation and Laparoscopy Guided Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt Insertion for the Treatment of Hydrocephalus
Published on: October 14, 2022
External ventricular drainage in modern neurosurgical practice: optimization, standardization, and emerging guidance
Jack Hennen1, Joseph Ifrach2, Iris Charcos2
1Department of Medicine, Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine, Stratford, NJ, United States.
Frontiers in Neurology
|May 21, 2026
Summary
Technology-assisted external ventricular drain (EVD) placement improves accuracy and success rates compared to freehand methods. Electromagnetic navigation and augmented reality (AR) show promise in standardizing ventriculostomy procedures.
Area of Science:
- Neurosurgery
- Medical Technology
Background:
- External ventricular drain (EVD) placement is crucial for CSF diversion and ICP monitoring.
- Freehand techniques face challenges with accuracy and complications, especially in distorted anatomy.
- Guidance technologies aim to enhance EVD placement precision.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review and compare evidence on freehand versus technology-assisted EVD placement.
- To overview technical principles of guidance systems.
- To synthesize comparative clinical outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of current evidence.
- Analysis of technical principles of guidance technologies (ultrasound, electromagnetic navigation, AR).
- Synthesis of comparative clinical outcomes.
Main Results:
- Guided EVD techniques improve catheter placement accuracy and first-pass success.
- Electromagnetic navigation shows consistent performance.
- AR platforms offer potential portability and integration benefits.
Conclusions:
- Technology-assisted EVD placement enhances procedural precision and patient safety.
- Electromagnetic navigation and AR are promising guidance modalities.
- Further standardization and validation are needed to optimize ventriculostomy practice.
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