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Pneumatosis intestinalis: a clinical classification.

J C Gruenberg, C Grodsinsky, J L Ponka

    Diseases of the Colon and Rectum
    |January 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

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    Pneumatosis intestinalis, or air in the bowel wall, often has a poor prognosis but can be managed by identifying its cause. Treatment is individualized, ranging from observation to surgery, improving patient outcomes.

    Area of Science:

    • Gastroenterology
    • Radiology
    • Critical Care Medicine

    Background:

    • Pneumatosis intestinalis (PI) is a condition characterized by the presence of gas within the intestinal wall.
    • The etiology of PI is diverse, and its prognosis can be ominous, necessitating a structured approach to management.
    • Recent trends in mechanical ventilation, including positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP), may be associated with an increased incidence of PI.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review clinical experience with pneumatosis intestinalis.
    • To identify distinct clinical groups of patients with PI.
    • To guide individualized treatment strategies based on patient categorization and underlying etiology.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective review of patient cases with pneumatosis intestinalis.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Classification of patients into three major clinical groups.
  • Correlation of clinical presentation, radiographic findings, and treatment outcomes.

    • Main Results:

    • Identification of three major clinical groups of pneumatosis intestinalis patients.
    • Etiology is often identifiable, frequently associated with poor prognosis.
    • Radiographic evidence of intramural air can aid in management decisions, potentially avoiding unnecessary surgery.
    • However, abdominal exploration may still be required to rule out complications like perforation.

    Conclusions:

    • Individualized treatment based on clinical grouping and etiology is crucial for improving prognosis in pneumatosis intestinalis.
    • Group I patients may require only observation.
    • Group II patients might benefit from increased oxygen concentrations.
    • Group III patients often necessitate aggressive therapeutic interventions for survival.