Pixelated electrically driven Sb₂Se₃ phase-change metasurfaces

Sb₂Se₃ has established itself as a leading phase-change material for reconfigurable photonics, exhibiting broadband transparency and reversible optical transitions. However, previous metasurface implementations remain constrained by offline thermal or optical control mechanisms. We develop an electrically driven platform featuring monolithic integration of Sb₂Se₃ nanostructures with addressable microheater arrays, achieving localized phase transitions at microsecond timescales. This hybrid architecture enables selective excitation of distinct coupled resonant modes in the near-infrared spectrum, delivering electrically controlled amplitude modulation exceeding 80 percent and phase modulation approaching 2π coverage. Advancing beyond unit-cell demonstrations, we implement a 6 × 6 electrically addressable metasurface array that yields an efficient spectral transmission matrix. Here, we show that integrating this system with neural-network-assisted computational methodologies achieves high-precision spectral reconstruction across a 500-nanometer short-wave infrared bandwidth, establishing a robust framework for computational spectroscopy and intelligent sensing in reconfigurable photonics.