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Incomplete vaccination among children aged 12-35 months in West Arsi Zone, Ethiopia

Habtemu Jarso1, Daniel Yohannes2, Tsige Gebru3

  • 1Department of Public Health, Madda Walabu University Shashemene Campus, P.O. Box 238, Shashemene, Ethiopia. habtemu.jarso@mwu.edu.et.

BMC Pediatrics
|May 22, 2026
PubMed

Insights

In West Arsi, over 43% of children aged 12-35 months had incomplete vaccinations, with major gaps in OPV0 and MCV2. Key factors included vaccine unavailability and poor caretaker awareness, highlighting critical areas for improving child immunization coverage.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Health
  • Public Health Interventions
  • Vaccinology

Background:

  • Vaccine-preventable diseases pose significant risks to children globally.
  • Immunization is a cost-effective public health strategy.
  • Discrepancies in vaccination coverage data were noted in West Arsi Zone.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of incomplete childhood vaccinations.
  • To identify factors associated with incomplete vaccination in children aged 12-35 months.

Main Methods:

  • A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in West Arsi Zone.
  • 1,316 children were sampled using multi-stage stratified random sampling.
  • Data collected via interviews and immunization records, analyzed using Stata with binary logistic regression.

Main Results:

  • The prevalence of incomplete vaccination was 43.6% (recall/card) and 36.8% (card only).
  • Oral Polio Vaccine (OPV0) and Measles-Containing Vaccine second dose (MCV2) showed the highest incompleteness.
  • Reasons for incompleteness included vaccine/vaccinator unavailability and lack of awareness about next doses.

Conclusions:

  • A high proportion of children in West Arsi have incomplete vaccinations, particularly for OPV0 and MCV2.
  • Numerous socio-demographic, health system, and accessibility factors are linked to incomplete vaccination.
  • Improving caretaker awareness, health facility preparedness, and addressing barriers are crucial for enhancing vaccine uptake.
Abstract

Keywords:
12–35 monthsEthiopiaIncomplete vaccinationfully vaccinated

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