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Related Concept Videos

Antigen Processing Pathways01:31

Antigen Processing Pathways

MHC molecules are key players in the immune response, enabling T cells to recognize and respond to specific antigens. They are present on the surface of all nucleated cells in the body and are instrumental in presenting antigens to T cells and activating them. T cells recognize the MHC-antigen complex and initiate an immune response. MHC class I and MHC class II are two main types of MHC molecules, each associated with a distinct antigen processing pathway.
MHC Class I: Presenting Endogenous...
Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity01:26

Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity

An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and reactivity.
Antigen Presenting Cells01:22

Antigen Presenting Cells

The immune system is a complex network of cells and molecules that protects the body from foreign invaders. T cells, a type of white blood cell, play a crucial role in this process. They recognize and attack foreign substances, such as pathogens, that enter the body.
T cells require the help of antigen-presenting cells (APCs), which process foreign antigens into smaller fragments that can be recognized by T cells. These APCs are highly specialized cells that efficiently internalize antigens...
Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

Cell-mediated Immune Responses

Overview
T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
Immunodeficiency Diseases01:25

Immunodeficiency Diseases

Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency disorders...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 23, 2026

Purification of the Membrane Compartment for Endoplasmic Reticulum-associated Degradation of Exogenous Antigens in Cross-presentation
12:48

Purification of the Membrane Compartment for Endoplasmic Reticulum-associated Degradation of Exogenous Antigens in Cross-presentation

Published on: August 21, 2017

Inborn errors of immunity affecting the MHC class I pathway for antigen presentation.

Stephan D Gadola1, Ömür Ardeniz2, Angelica Cuapio3

  • 1Department of Rheumatology and Pain Medicine, Bethesda Hospital, Basel, Switzerland.

Journal of Human Immunity
|May 22, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Inborn errors of immunity impacting the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) class I pathway cause chronic infections and skin issues. Long-term surveillance reveals risks of skin cancer and herpesvirus infections, emphasizing tailored treatments.

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Last Updated: May 23, 2026

Purification of the Membrane Compartment for Endoplasmic Reticulum-associated Degradation of Exogenous Antigens in Cross-presentation
12:48

Purification of the Membrane Compartment for Endoplasmic Reticulum-associated Degradation of Exogenous Antigens in Cross-presentation

Published on: August 21, 2017

Generation of Human Alloantigen-specific T Cells from Peripheral Blood
09:47

Generation of Human Alloantigen-specific T Cells from Peripheral Blood

Published on: November 21, 2014

Assessing the Expression of Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I on Primary Murine Hippocampal Neurons by Flow Cytometry
08:07

Assessing the Expression of Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I on Primary Murine Hippocampal Neurons by Flow Cytometry

Published on: May 19, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Genetics
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Inborn errors of immunity affecting the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) class I antigen presentation pathway are rare but severe.
  • These conditions present with chronic infections, granulomatous skin lesions, and potential misdiagnosis as autoimmune diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the clinical manifestations and diagnostic challenges of MHC class I pathway defects.
  • To present novel long-term follow-up data on Transporter Associated with Antigen Processing (TAP)-deficient patients.
  • To highlight the variability in clinical presentation and the importance of individualized treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on MHC class I pathway defects.
  • Analysis of long-term follow-up data from TAP-deficient patients.
  • Case study analysis of individuals with MHC class I deficiency.

Main Results:

  • MHC class I pathway defects lead to chronic respiratory infections and granulomatous skin lesions.
  • Long-term follow-up indicates an increased risk of skin cancer and severe herpesvirus infections in TAP-deficient patients.
  • Clinical presentation varies significantly, with some individuals remaining asymptomatic.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate diagnosis and infection-focused treatment are crucial, avoiding immunosuppression.
  • Further genetic and immunopathological research is needed to identify predictive markers.
  • Long-term patient surveillance is essential for managing late-onset complications and optimizing care.