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Primary Lymphoid Organs

Primary Lymphoid Organs

Primary lymphoid organs are pivotal in the formation, development, and maturation of lymphocytes, the white blood cells that serve as the backbone of our immune system. This crucial function underscores their fundamental role in maintaining our overall health and immunity. The two primary lymphoid organs of prime importance are the red bone marrow and the thymus.
The red bone marrow is a soft, spongy tissue nestled in the interior of long bones such as the humerus and femur. It is the site...

Secondary Lymphoid Organs

Secondary Lymphoid Organs

Secondary organs, including lymph nodes, the spleen, and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT), work harmoniously to protect us from disease and infection.
The spleen is a vital organ in the lymphatic system, nestled in the upper left side of the abdomen. It is composed of two primary regions: the red pulp and the white pulp, each having distinct functions. The red pulp performs a significant role in blood filtration. It efficiently purges the blood of old or damaged red blood cells and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 23, 2026

Enhancing Tumor Content through Tumor Macrodissection

Enhancing Tumor Content through Tumor Macrodissection

Published on: February 12, 2022

Extranodal Male Genital Involvement With Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma.

James J Fradin¹, Kavanya Feustel², Mehdi Hamadani²

¹Division of Internal Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA, mcw.edu.

Case Reports in Hematology

|May 22, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Primary penile diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is rare and difficult to diagnose. A case report details successful treatment of advanced penile DLBCL in an elderly patient using a modified regimen including polatuzumab vedotin.

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Last Updated: May 23, 2026

Enhancing Tumor Content through Tumor Macrodissection

Enhancing Tumor Content through Tumor Macrodissection

Published on: February 12, 2022

Area of Science:

Oncology
Hematology
Rare Cancers

Background:

Primary penile diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is an exceptionally rare extranodal lymphoma.
Diagnosis can be challenging due to nonspecific symptoms, potentially leading to delayed treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

To report a case of advanced penile DLBCL in an elderly patient.
To review existing literature on penile DLBCL presentation and treatment.
To highlight the efficacy of novel agents in treating frail patients with advanced disease.

Main Methods:

Case report of an 84-year-old male with Stage IVB activated B-cell type DLBCL.
Treatment with dose-reduced rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, prednisone, and polatuzumab vedotin (modified R-mini-CHOP).
Literature review of previously reported penile DLBCL cases.

Main Results:

The patient achieved a partial metabolic response with negative minimal residual disease despite advanced-stage disease.
Literature review identified patterns in penile DLBCL presentation and treatment strategies.
Polatuzumab vedotin demonstrated potential in treating elderly/frail patients with advanced penile DLBCL.

Conclusions:

Penile lesions require a broad differential diagnosis to ensure timely and appropriate treatment.
Novel therapeutic agents like polatuzumab vedotin offer promising options for elderly or frail patients with advanced penile DLBCL.
This case underscores the importance of considering rare presentations of lymphoma and adapting treatment regimens for vulnerable populations.