Research Progress of Abnormal High-Density Lipoprotein in the Pathogenesis of Cardiovascular Diseases

Area of Science:

• Cardiovascular Science
• Lipid Metabolism
• Biochemistry

Background:

• High-density lipoprotein (HDL) traditionally viewed as cardioprotective.
• Recent evidence indicates HDL abnormalities in cardiovascular disease (CVD) progression.
• These changes involve quantitative, structural, and functional alterations.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the biological characteristics of abnormal HDL.
• To elucidate HDL's role in cardiovascular disease pathogenesis.
• To explore potential mechanisms and inform future therapeutic strategies.

Main Methods:

• Literature review and synthesis of recent research findings.
• Analysis of studies investigating HDL structure, function, and metabolism in CVD.
• Examination of pathways linking abnormal HDL to CVD development.

Main Results:

• Abnormal HDL exhibits altered cholesterol transport, inflammatory, and antioxidant properties.
• HDL dysfunction contributes to CVD via impacts on cholesterol metabolism, inflammation, oxidative stress, and endothelial function.
• Specific molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying HDL's detrimental role are identified.

Conclusions:

• Abnormal HDL is a significant factor in cardiovascular disease development.
• Understanding these abnormalities provides a basis for novel prevention and treatment strategies.
• Further research into HDL modification and targeted therapies is warranted for CVD management.