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Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
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A Bioluminescent and Fluorescent Orthotopic Syngeneic Murine Model of Androgen-dependent and Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer
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First-Line Systemic Treatments of Metastatic Hormone-Sensitive Prostate Cancer: Updated Systematic Review and Network

Keiichiro Miyajima1,2, Marcin Miszczyk1,3, Akihiro Matsukawa1,2

  • 1Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.

The Journal of Urology
|May 22, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Intensified combination therapies for metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) show potential benefits, but overall survival advantages are mainly seen in specific subgroups. Treatment decisions require balancing efficacy with toxicity for optimal outcomes.

Keywords:
drug therapyneoplasm metastasisprostatic neoplasmssurvival ratesystematic review

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Pre-clinical Orthotopic Murine Model of Human Prostate Cancer

Published on: August 29, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Clinical Trials
  • Systematic Reviews

Background:

  • The treatment of metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) has evolved with new combination therapies.
  • Evaluating the efficacy and safety of these intensified regimens is crucial for clinical practice.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare first-line systemic combination therapies for mHSPC using a systematic review and network meta-analysis.
  • To assess progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and severe adverse events (AEs).

Main Methods:

  • Systematic search of MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) up to March 2026.
  • Frequentist random-effects network meta-analyses for all-comer populations and systematic review for targeted strategies.
  • Certainty of Evidence (CoE) assessed using the CINeMA framework.

Main Results:

  • Twenty-three trials (n=18,689) were included. Docetaxel+ARPI+ADT and PARPi+ARPI+ADT showed non-significant PFS improvements versus ARPI+ADT.
  • No triplet regimen significantly improved OS in all-comers, but docetaxel+ARPI+ADT showed OS benefit in high-volume disease (High CoE).
  • Increased severe AE risk was not statistically significant but characterized by imprecision; toxicity profiles varied.

Conclusions:

  • Triplet intensification in mHSPC offers potential benefits, particularly OS improvements in high-volume disease subgroups.
  • A selective, biomarker-driven, or targeted approach is supported by the evidence, considering varying CoE and lack of universal survival advantage.
  • Treatment decisions should weigh oncological gains against specific toxicity profiles.