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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2026

A Syngeneic Mouse Model of Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma for Quantitative and Longitudinal Assessment of Preclinical Therapies

A Syngeneic Mouse Model of Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma for Quantitative and Longitudinal Assessment of Preclinical Therapies

Published on: April 12, 2017

First-line Therapy for Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma: An Updated Network Meta-analysis using Final Follow-up Data.

Takafumi Yanagisawa¹, Keiichiro Mori¹, Wataru Fukuokaya²

¹Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Department of Urology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

European Urology Focus

|June 13, 2026

Summary

This network meta-analysis compared first-line immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) combination therapies for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). Nivolumab/ipilimumab showed promise for overall survival, while pembrolizumab/lenvatinib excelled in progression-free survival and response rates.

Keywords:

Avelumab Axitinib Cabozantinib Immune checkpoint inhibitors Ipilimumab Lenvatinib Metastasis Nivolumab Pembrolizumab Renal cell carcinoma

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Modeling Spontaneous Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma (mRCC) in Mice Following Nephrectomy

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Last Updated: Jun 16, 2026

A Syngeneic Mouse Model of Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma for Quantitative and Longitudinal Assessment of Preclinical Therapies

A Syngeneic Mouse Model of Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma for Quantitative and Longitudinal Assessment of Preclinical Therapies

Published on: April 12, 2017

Modeling Spontaneous Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma (mRCC) in Mice Following Nephrectomy

Modeling Spontaneous Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma (mRCC) in Mice Following Nephrectomy

Published on: April 29, 2014

Area of Science:

Oncology
Immunotherapy
Clinical Trials

Background:

Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-based combination therapies are standard for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC).
Previous network meta-analyses (NMAs) have not synthesized final follow-up data from pivotal phase 3 randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Purpose of the Study:

To compare first-line ICI-based combination therapies in mRCC using final follow-up data from pivotal phase 3 RCTs.
To synthesize oncologic and safety outcomes through a comprehensive NMA.

Main Methods:

A systematic literature search was conducted in June 2025 across three databases.
Frequentist network meta-analysis (NMA) was employed to compare oncologic and safety outcomes.
Subgroup analyses were performed based on International mRCC Database Consortium (IMDC) risk classification and metastatic site.

Main Results:

Five RCTs involving 4206 patients were included.
Nivolumab/ipilimumab demonstrated the highest probability for improved overall survival (OS) in the overall population.
Pembrolizumab/lenvatinib ranked highest for progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rates (ORRs), and complete response (CR) rates.
Subgroup analyses revealed specific treatment advantages based on risk classification and metastatic sites, with nivolumab/cabozantinib showing high efficacy in patients with bone metastasis.

Conclusions:

Nivolumab/ipilimumab is a strong option for intermediate-/poor-risk mRCC.
Pembrolizumab/lenvatinib and nivolumab/cabozantinib offer comparable OS benefits in ICI + tyrosine kinase inhibitor combinations.
Pembrolizumab/lenvatinib appears more favorable for delaying disease progression.
Tailoring treatment based on IMDC risk and metastatic sites can optimize clinical decision-making.