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Yoga- and Pilates-Based Respiratory Training in Individuals with Urinary Incontinence: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Şevval Zeynep Girit Özden1,2, İpek Yeldan3, Yunus Çolakoğlu4
1Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Institute of Graduate Studies, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Türkiye.
International Urogynecology Journal
|May 22, 2026
Summary
Yoga and Pilates respiratory training both improve urinary incontinence and pelvic floor muscle function. Yoga-based training demonstrated superior results in quality of life and reduced pelvic floor muscle resting activity.
Area of Science:
- Pelvic floor dysfunction and urinary incontinence research.
- Respiratory training and its impact on pelvic floor health.
- Comparative analysis of exercise interventions for incontinence.
Background:
- Urinary incontinence affects a significant portion of the female population, impacting quality of life.
- Pelvic floor muscle (PFM) dysfunction is a common contributor to urinary incontinence.
- Respiratory training is an emerging area of interest for managing incontinence.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the efficacy of yoga-based versus Pilates-based respiratory training for urinary incontinence.
- To assess the impact of these interventions on incontinence severity, PFM function, and quality of life (QOL).
Main Methods:
- A randomized controlled trial involving 46 women with stress or mixed urinary incontinence.
- Participants were assigned to either a yoga-based or Pilates-based respiratory training group.
- Standardized assessments included incontinence questionnaires (ICIQ-SF, I-QoL), PFM function tests (sEMG, intraoral pressure), and endurance tests over a 6-week period.
Main Results:
- Both yoga and Pilates respiratory training led to significant improvements in incontinence severity (ICIQ-SF) and PFM contraction.
- The yoga-based group exhibited a significant reduction in PFM resting activity (sEMG).
- Post-treatment, the yoga group showed significantly better outcomes in QOL (I-QoL) and PFM resting parameters compared to the Pilates group.
Conclusions:
- Both yoga- and Pilates-based respiratory training are effective in improving incontinence severity and PFM contraction.
- Yoga-based respiratory training offers additional benefits for QOL and reducing PFM resting activity.
- Respiratory training, particularly yoga-based, can be safely implemented as a home-based exercise program for individuals with urinary incontinence.
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