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Related Concept Videos

Epigenetic Regulation01:37

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
Epigenetic Regulation01:46

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
Phase II Reactions: Methylation Reactions01:17

Phase II Reactions: Methylation Reactions

Methylation is a phase II biotransformation process involving the attachment of a methyl group to a substrate. Enzymes known as methyltransferases orchestrate this reaction.
The mechanism of methylation unfolds in two stages. The first stage sees a methyltransferase enzyme facilitating the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) to the substrate, forming S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH). The second stage involves further metabolism of SAH into homocysteine, which can be recycled...
Histone Modification02:32

Histone Modification

The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone deacetylase,...
Lineage Commitment01:21

Lineage Commitment

Commitment is the  process whereby stem cells:

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 24, 2026

Comprehensive DNA Methylation Analysis Using a Methyl-CpG-binding Domain Capture-based Method in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Patients
13:21

Comprehensive DNA Methylation Analysis Using a Methyl-CpG-binding Domain Capture-based Method in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Patients

Published on: June 16, 2017

Initial leukemic epigenomic state determines hypomethylating agent response.

Aparna Gopal1, Derek Tam1, Franziska Mey1

  • 1BC Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.

Nature Communications
|May 22, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Leukemic stem cells (LSC) respond to hypomethylating agents (HMAs) when in a hematopoietic stem cell (HSC)-like epigenomic state. This state, not genetic mutations, predicts HMA sensitivity in myeloid cancers, enabling better patient selection.

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Last Updated: May 24, 2026

Comprehensive DNA Methylation Analysis Using a Methyl-CpG-binding Domain Capture-based Method in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Patients
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13:47

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Methyl-binding DNA capture Sequencing for Patient Tissues
08:40

Methyl-binding DNA capture Sequencing for Patient Tissues

Published on: October 31, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Cancer Biology
  • Epigenetics

Background:

  • Hypomethylating agents (HMAs) are crucial for treating myeloid cancers.
  • Genetic biomarkers currently fail to predict patient response to HMAs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the epigenomic states of leukemic stem cells (LSC) in relation to HMA response.
  • To identify predictive biomarkers for HMA therapy in myeloid malignancies.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized single-cell sequencing to analyze epigenomic states of responder and nonresponder leukemic cells.
  • Examined chromatin accessibility and DNA methylation patterns.
  • Investigated the role of ZNF143, CTCF, and HOXB4 in HMA sensitivity.

Main Results:

  • Identified two distinct epigenomic states for LSCs: an HSC/MPP-like sensitive state and an LMPP-like nonresponder state.
  • Found that hypomethylation and chromatin accessibility at ZNF143/CTCF sites activate HOXB4, defining the sensitive state.
  • Demonstrated that the epigenomic state, not genetic mutations, is a key determinant of HMA response.

Conclusions:

  • The epigenomic state of LSCs significantly influences response to HMAs in myeloid cancers.
  • A routine clinical assay can potentially identify patients who will benefit from HMA treatment.