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Perinatal Outcomes With Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Gestational Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Yao Wang1, Jiancheng Lai1, Hongfei Zeng1
1Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Clinical Medical College and Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China.
Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology
|May 23, 2026
Summary
Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) improves time in range for women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). However, it did not significantly impact other maternal or neonatal outcomes, despite increasing pharmacotherapy use.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Obstetrics
- Perinatal Medicine
Background:
- Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) affects maternal and neonatal health.
- Effective glucose management is crucial during pregnancy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the effectiveness of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in women with GDM.
- To assess the impact of CGM on maternal and neonatal outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of randomized controlled trials from major databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, ClinicalTrials.gov).
- Meta-analysis of pooled mean differences and risk ratios with 95% confidence intervals.
- Inclusion of 12 studies with 1639 women diagnosed with GDM.
Main Results:
- CGM significantly improved time in range (TIR) in women with GDM.
- CGM use was associated with increased pharmacotherapy requirement (RR = 1.15).
- No significant differences were found in HbA1c, cesarean section, large for gestational age, macrosomia, or neonatal hypoglycemia.
Conclusions:
- CGM effectively enhances glycemic control by improving time in range for GDM patients.
- While beneficial for TIR, CGM does not significantly alter other key maternal or neonatal health indicators.
- Increased pharmacotherapy use alongside CGM warrants further investigation.
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