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Related Concept Videos

Overview Of Cell Separation And Isolation01:20

Overview Of Cell Separation And Isolation

Cell separation was first achieved in 1964 by S. H. Seal, who separated large tumor cells from the smaller blood cells using filtration. Two years later, Pohl and Hawk performed experiments on how cells respond differently to a nonuniform electric field based on the cell type. Such observations were the inception of cell separation methods, which allow isolating a single cell type from a heterogeneous sample.

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Updated: May 25, 2026

Microfluidics-based High-throughput Circulating Tumor Cell Sorting and Single-cell Sequencing Technology
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Published on: November 14, 2025

A Consecutive Separation Strategy Using a 3D-Printed Microfluidic Chip to Achieve High-Purity White Blood Cells From

Haoyuan Gu1, Feng Yang1, Chushan Gao1

  • 1School of Electrical and Automation Engineering, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Equipment and Manufacturing, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China.

Electrophoresis
|May 23, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a novel 3D-printed microfluidic chip for label-free white blood cell (WBC) separation. The system achieves high efficiency and purity for WBC isolation from blood, promising advancements in cell analysis and diagnostics.

Keywords:
3D printingblood cellscell separationinertial microfluidics

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Published on: December 31, 2009

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Microfluidics
  • Cell Separation Technologies

Background:

  • Label-free and direct separation of white blood cells (WBCs) from blood is a significant challenge in leukocyte separation.
  • Existing methods often require complex procedures or lack efficiency for high-throughput applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a novel WBC sorting strategy utilizing inertial microfluidics and 3D-printing technology.
  • To achieve efficient, label-free separation of WBCs from red blood cells (RBCs) in a single microfluidic chip.

Main Methods:

  • A microfluidic chip with a trapezoidal cross-section spiral channel was designed and fabricated using UV-cured 3D printing.
  • The chip performs four consecutive high-throughput separation steps for RBCs and WBCs.
  • Polystyrene microparticles and diluted whole blood were used to test and optimize the chip's sorting performance.

Main Results:

  • Optimal separation flow rate determined to be approximately 1700 µL/min, enabling a maximum WBC throughput of 1.12 × 107 cells/h.
  • The four-cycle consecutive sorting strategy achieved a WBC recovery efficiency of approximately 94.9% and a purity of 85.5%.
  • The 3D-printed chip demonstrated high reliability and sensitivity for label-free WBC sorting.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed strategy, centered on a 3D-printed inertial microfluidic chip, offers an effective solution for direct WBC separation from blood.
  • This technology holds promise for applications in cell analysis, disease diagnosis, and other biomedical fields.
  • Additive manufacturing facilitates the rapid fabrication of reliable microfluidic devices for cell sorting.