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Acute Pancreatitis II: Clinical Manifestations and Management

Acute Pancreatitis II: Clinical Manifestations and Management

Acute pancreatitis presents a complex medical emergency characterized by rapid onset inflammation of the pancreas, demanding timely diagnosis and management to prevent complications. The condition primarily manifests through severe upper abdominal pain that often radiates to the back. This pain intensifies following the consumption of fatty foods. Accompanying symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal distention, fever, dyspnea, cyanosis, and jaundice can vary in intensity but significantly...

Chronic Pancreatitis II: Collaborative Care

Chronic Pancreatitis II: Collaborative Care

The management of chronic pancreatitis is multifaceted, involving a comprehensive approach that includes thorough assessment, diagnostic testing, and a variety of management strategies.
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Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction

Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction

The pancreas, an elongated and flat gland situated behind the stomach, serves a vital function in digesting food and managing blood sugar levels.
Pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas, which occurs when the immune system becomes active and causes swelling, pain, and disruptions in organ function. Pancreatitis can manifest as either an acute or chronic condition.
Acute pancreatitis arises suddenly and lasts for a brief duration, while chronic pancreatitis is a long-term affliction...

Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction

Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction

Chronic pancreatitis is a long-standing, relapsing inflammation of the pancreas, characterized by irreversible damage to the gland. It results in progressive destruction of the pancreatic parenchyma, fibrosis, and eventual loss of both exocrine and endocrine function. The disease may evolve gradually after multiple episodes of acute pancreatitis or develop independently.EtiologyChronic pancreatitis can arise from a variety of causes:Alcohol use is the leading cause, accounting for 70–80% of...

Acute Pancreatitis I: Introduction

Acute Pancreatitis I: Introduction

Acute pancreatitis is the sudden inflammation of the pancreas caused by the early activation of digestive enzymes, leading to the autodigestion of pancreatic tissue. This results in local inflammation and, in severe cases, systemic complications.EtiologyUnderstanding the underlying causes is crucial, as identifying the etiology guides treatment and anticipates complications. Acute pancreatitis can be triggered by various factors, typically grouped into the following clinical categories.Biliary...

Acute Pancreatitis I: Introduction

Acute Pancreatitis I: Introduction

Pancreatitis is inflammation of the pancreas, an organ located behind the stomach. It can be either acute or chronic.
Acute pancreatitis is characterized by rapid inflammation of the pancreas, often caused by factors like gallstone blockage or excessive alcohol consumption. Chronic pancreatitis, on the other hand, is a slow, progressive inflammation that may result from long-term alcohol abuse, obstructions in the pancreatic duct, or genetic factors.
The causes of acute pancreatitis include:

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Development of a prediction method for severe pancreatitis using a nomogram.

Wei Wei¹, Ying Wang¹, Pu Xie¹

¹Department of Radiology, Anhui No. 2 Provincial People's Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, China.

Frontiers in Medicine

|May 25, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

A new nomogram model accurately predicts severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) using clinical data and CT scans. This tool aids early risk stratification, improving timely patient management and treatment strategies for acute pancreatitis.

Keywords:

area under the curve nomogram pancreatitis prediction model risk stratification

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Area of Science:

Medical Imaging
Clinical Diagnostics
Gastroenterology

Background:

Early identification of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) is critical for effective patient management.
Current diagnostic standards for SAP, relying on organ failure within 48 hours, can delay crucial treatment.
There is a need for predictive models that enable timely risk stratification of acute pancreatitis severity.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and validate a predictive model for severe acute pancreatitis (SAP).
To utilize clinical characteristics, laboratory findings, and non-contrast computed tomography (CT) signs for SAP prediction.
To establish a nomogram for improved early risk stratification of acute pancreatitis.

Main Methods:

Retrospective study involving 1,128 patients with acute pancreatitis.
Development of a nomogram model using training, internal, and external validation sets.
Evaluation of model performance using ROC curves, decision curves, and calibration curves.

Main Results:

A multivariable analysis identified key predictors of SAP, including age, diabetes, D-dimer, creatinine, serum calcium, WBC, VFR, CRP, decreased SpO2, ascites, and anterior renal fascia thickening.
The developed nomogram demonstrated high accuracy for SAP prediction (AUC = 0.88) with excellent calibration.
Subgroup analyses showed consistent performance across different patient groups, including those with hyperlipidemic and non-hyperlipidemic acute pancreatitis.

Conclusions:

A nomogram-based prediction model can significantly enhance the risk stratification of acute pancreatitis severity.
The model shows potential for application in diverse patient populations, including those with varying causes of pancreatitis.
This predictive tool supports timely and effective management strategies for patients with acute pancreatitis.