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Locked-Window EQ-5D-5L (Index and VAS) Benchmarking in Sarcoma Care: Rule-Based Traffic-Light Classification Across

Isabel Gloor¹, Beatrice Meier², Jehona Rexhai²

¹Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma, LUKS Sarcoma-IPU, University Teaching Hospital LUKS, Spitalstrasse, 6000 Lucerne, Switzerland.

Diseases (Basel, Switzerland)

|May 26, 2026

Summary

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SBAR II: Application of SBAR

SBAR II: Application of SBAR

SBAR is an effective communication tool used by healthcare professionals to communicate patient information accurately. SBAR stands for Situation, Background, Assessment, and Recommendation. For a better understanding, an example is given below.
SBAR Report from a Nurse to a Health Care Provider
S: "Hello, Dr. Smith. This is Jane, RN, from the Med Surg unit. I am calling to tell you about Ms. White in Room 210, who is experiencing increased pain and redness at her incision site. Her recent...

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A new traffic-light system using EQ-5D-5L data provides patient-centered value insights for sarcoma care. While feasible, incomplete data capture limits its use for broad benchmarking.

Area of Science:

Oncology
Health Services Research
Patient-Reported Outcomes

Background:

Value-based care in sarcoma necessitates patient-centric outcome measures.
Current patient-reported outcome data are often incomplete, hindering institutional learning.
A novel EQ-5D-5L traffic-light framework was developed to address these limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and evaluate a rule-based EQ-5D-5L traffic-light framework for assessing value in sarcoma care.
To determine the feasibility and benchmarking signal of this framework across two institutions.
To analyze patient-reported outcome data for sarcoma episodes.

Main Methods:

Retrospective analysis of 729 sarcoma episodes across two institutions.
Utilized EQ-5D-5L index and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) data.

Keywords:

EQ5D-5L benchmarking learning health system patient-reported outcomes quality improvement quality of life real-world-time data sarcoma survivorship value-based healthcare

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Applied a hierarchical T0 anchor and locked time windows for data collection.

Defined a traffic-light classification (RED, YELLOW, GREEN) based on EQ-5D-5L scores at 12 and 24 months.

Main Results:

Patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) evaluability was feasible but incomplete (11.5%-16.3% capture rates).
The traffic-light system showed heterogeneity and clearer cross-institution differences at 24 months.
Institution A demonstrated a higher proportion of GREEN outcomes at 24 months (76.8%) compared to Institution B (50.0%).

Conclusions:

The EQ-5D-5L traffic-light framework provides interpretable patient-perspective benchmarking signals in sarcoma care.
The framework is operationally feasible for the evaluable subset and more discriminative at 24 months.
Incomplete PROM capture remains a significant barrier to representative network-scale benchmarking.