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The "Direct Structural Disruption" Hypothesis: Bacteroides fragilis Toxin as a Potentiating Cofactor in MASH

Ju-Eun Hong1, Soonjae Hwang2,3

  • 1Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Software Digital Healthcare Convergence, Yonsei University MIRAE Campus, Wonju 26493, Republic of Korea.

Toxins
|May 26, 2026
PubMed

Keywords:
Bacteroides fragilis toxin (BFT)enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (ETBF)gut–liver axishepatic stellate cells (HSCs)metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH)structural disruption

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