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Correction: Fukushima et al. Long-Term Immunogenicity of Rabies Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis in Japanese Adult Travelers: Comparison of Dosing Regimens. <i>Vaccines</i> 2025, <i>13</i>, 1169.

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Social Context Considerations for Future HIV Vaccine Introduction and Implementation.

Nivedita L Bhushan1, Rafael Gonzalez2, Brian G Southwell1

  • 1RTI International, Durham, NC 27709, USA.

Vaccines
|May 26, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Developing an effective human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) vaccine requires addressing public acceptance and uptake. Behavioral science and community engagement are crucial for overcoming challenges and ensuring vaccine impact.

Keywords:
HIV vaccinebehaviorcommunicationmental modelsocial context

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Area of Science:

  • Public health
  • Vaccinology
  • Behavioral science

Background:

  • An effective human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) vaccine is a key goal for global HIV elimination.
  • Biological efficacy alone will not guarantee a future vaccine's public health success.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify cognitive, social, and structural challenges influencing public acceptance and uptake of an HIV vaccine.
  • To outline evidence-based strategies for addressing these challenges.

Main Methods:

  • Review of behavioral science, communication research, vaccine implementation, and HIV prevention literature.
  • Analysis of factors shaping public perception and behavior regarding vaccination.

Main Results:

  • Mental models of HIV and vaccination are critical; side effects and existing pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) options influence perceived vaccine value.
  • HIV-related stigma complicates vaccine acceptance, making it a socially interpreted behavior.
  • Hesitancy and public-scientific misalignment are predictable; existing infrastructure and communication research provide a foundation for rollout.

Conclusions:

  • Invest in formative research to understand community perspectives.
  • Build community partnerships proactively before vaccine availability.
  • Pilot integrated delivery models within existing HIV prevention services.