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Microbiota Modulation by Antibiotics

Antibiotics have revolutionized modern medicine by saving countless lives from bacterial infections. However, their widespread use has inadvertently harmed the delicate balance of the human gut microbiota. The gut microbiota, a complex community of bacteria, archaea, viruses, and fungi, plays a vital role in regulating metabolism, immune responses, and maintaining intestinal health. Antibiotics, especially broad-spectrum types, disrupt this ecosystem by eradicating both harmful and beneficial...
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Updated: May 28, 2026

An In Vitro Batch-culture Model to Estimate the Effects of Interventional Regimens on Human Fecal Microbiota
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An In Vitro Batch-culture Model to Estimate the Effects of Interventional Regimens on Human Fecal Microbiota

Published on: July 31, 2019

The Interplay between Gut Microbiota and Diet-Induced Kidney Protection.

Francisco Lopes1, Daniel Martinez-Martinez2, Martin R Späth1,3

  • 1Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.

Kidney360
|May 26, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Dietary interventions protect kidneys by altering gut microbiota composition and function. Specific diets increase beneficial short-chain fatty acids, which kidneys use for energy during ischemic injury, highlighting a gut-kidney axis.

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Mouse Model of Acute to Chronic Kidney Disease Transition Induced by Renal Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury
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Published on: February 10, 2026

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Last Updated: May 28, 2026

An In Vitro Batch-culture Model to Estimate the Effects of Interventional Regimens on Human Fecal Microbiota
07:15

An In Vitro Batch-culture Model to Estimate the Effects of Interventional Regimens on Human Fecal Microbiota

Published on: July 31, 2019

Mouse Model of Acute to Chronic Kidney Disease Transition Induced by Renal Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury
07:02

Mouse Model of Acute to Chronic Kidney Disease Transition Induced by Renal Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury

Published on: February 10, 2026

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Metabolism
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Dietary interventions significantly impact gut microbiome diversity, composition, and function.
  • Specific diets demonstrate potential in preventing kidney injury in rodent models.
  • Emerging research emphasizes the gut microbiota's critical role in kidney health and disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of three protective dietary regimens on gut microbiota in a rodent model of kidney ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI).
  • To explore the interplay between diet-induced gut microbiota changes and kidney protection mechanisms.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative shotgun metagenomics was used for taxonomic and functional profiling of the gut microbiota.
  • Comparative transcriptomics analyzed renal metabolic responses.
  • Three diets were tested: fasting-mimicking diet, sulfur-amino acid-depleted diet, and caloric restriction.

Main Results:

  • Dietary preconditioning altered gut microbiota composition in an IRI-dependent manner, with Lachnospiraceae expansion noted.
  • Functional profiling revealed increased plasma levels of bacterial-derived short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in diet-protected mice.
  • Kidney transcriptomics indicated metabolic utilization of SCFAs in protected kidneys.

Conclusions:

  • Microbial metabolites like SCFAs may serve as an essential energy source for proximal tubules during ischemic stress.
  • A significant interplay exists between the gut microbiota and diet-induced kidney protection.
  • Further research is warranted at the intersection of microbiology, metabolism, and molecular nephrology.