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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 28, 2026

A Modified Lean and Release Technique to Emphasize Response Inhibition and Action Selection in Reactive Balance
07:19

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Published on: March 19, 2020

Aging increases the cortical resources allocated to static balance maintenance.

Thomas Legrand1,2, Scott J Mongold1, Laure Müller3

  • 1Laboratory of Functional Anatomy, Faculty of Human Motor Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|May 26, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Aging increases brain involvement in maintaining balance, as shown by heightened cortical activity and slower processing speeds in older adults. This research sheds light on age-related balance decline and fall risks.

Keywords:
agingelectroencephalographypostural controlproprioceptionvestibular system

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Human Physiology
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Balance control involves sensory-motor integration, which declines with age, increasing fall risks.
  • Previous studies suggest increased cortical involvement in balance regulation in older adults, but direct evidence is lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of aging on sway-based corticokinematic coherence (CKC) as a measure of cortical-postural sway coupling.
  • To provide direct evidence for age-related changes in cortical regulation of balance.

Main Methods:

  • Recorded center-of-pressure (sway) and electroencephalographic (cortical) activity in 64 young and 67 older adults during balance tasks.
  • Manipulated sensory information (removal or alteration) during balance tasks.
  • Assessed corticokinematic coherence (CKC) to quantify the coupling between cortical activity and postural sway.

Main Results:

  • Older adults exhibited increased cortical activity during challenging balance conditions, correlating with upright stance stability.
  • Increased delays between cortical activity and postural sway were observed in older adults, indicating slower central processing.
  • Despite altered vestibulo-ocular reflexes in older adults, no relationship with CKC strength was found.

Conclusions:

  • Provides direct evidence that cortical involvement in balance regulation increases with aging.
  • Suggests that CKC can assess afferent and efferent processing during balance maintenance.
  • Opens avenues for identifying neurophysiological factors contributing to fall risks in older adults.