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Related Concept Videos

Mass Analyzers: Overview01:13

Mass Analyzers: Overview

The mass analyzer is a crucial component of the mass spectrometer. In the ionization chamber, the vaporized sample is bombarded with a high-energy electron beam to generate a radical cation and further fragment into neutral molecules, radicals, and cations. A series of negatively charged accelerator plates accelerate the cations into the mass analyzer. The mass analyzer separates ions according to their mass-to-charge (m/z) ratios and then directs them to the detector. The common types of mass...
Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:26

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the common plasma source used in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), a technique that detects and analyzes various elements in a sample. This method is often called inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES).
There are three main types of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy  (ICP-AES) instruments: sequential, simultaneous multichannel, and Fourier transform instruments, with the latter being less commonly used.
Mass Spectrum: Interpretation01:24

Mass Spectrum: Interpretation

An unknown compound can be established by identifying the molecular ion peak in the mass spectrum. The molecular ion peak is often weak or absent due to the predominance of fragmentation in high-energy electron beams. In such cases, a soft-energy electron beam can be used to scan the spectrum to enhance the intensity of the molecular ion peak. Additionally, chemical ionization, field ionization, and desorption ionization spectra are used to obtain a relatively intense molecular ion peak.To...
Tandem Mass Spectrometry01:21

Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Tandem mass spectrometry is a technique that uses multiple mass analyzers in series to obtain a higher selectivity and reduce chemical noise during analyte detection. Instruments with multiple analyzers separated by an interaction cell enable secondary fragmentation and selected study of the fragment ions.Secondary fragmentations occur in the interaction cell and can be induced by various factors. Fragmentation induced by collision with inert gases, such as N2, Ar, He, etc., is called...
High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (HRMS)01:15

High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (HRMS)

The resolution of a mass spectrometer depends on the efficiency of separating ions with different ion masses. The mass of an atom is approximated to the sum of the masses of protons and neutrons inside, considering the masses of protons and neutrons as equal. However, the masses of the proton (1.6726 × 10−24 g) and neutron (1.6749 × 10−24 g) are not truly equal. There is a minor error in the expression of atomic masses relative to the simplest atom of hydrogen. For example, the mass of helium...
Mass Spectrometry: Complex Analysis01:21

Mass Spectrometry: Complex Analysis

Mass spectrometry is an important technique for the identification of pure compounds. However, it has some limitations for the analysis of complex mixtures, often due to excessive fragmentation making the spectrum too complicated to decipher. Mass spectrometry can be combined with suitable separation methods in sequence, forming hyphenated methods, which are useful in the analysis of complex mixtures.
GC–MS is a powerful hyphenated method commonly used in forensics and environmental...

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Updated: May 28, 2026

Real-time Breath Analysis by Using Secondary Nanoelectrospray Ionization Coupled to High Resolution Mass Spectrometry
08:23

Real-time Breath Analysis by Using Secondary Nanoelectrospray Ionization Coupled to High Resolution Mass Spectrometry

Published on: March 9, 2018

Portable Aerosol Mass Spectrometer with Enhanced Resolution.

Vadym Berkout1, Stuart Collymore1, Scott Ecelberger1

  • 1Zeteo Tech, Inc., 6935 Warfield Ave, Sykesville, Maryland 21784, United States.

Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
|May 26, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new method spatially separates aerosol particle ionization and mass analysis for faster, more accurate detection of airborne threats. This technique improves mass-resolving power and sensitivity for bioaerosol identification.

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A Practical Guide on Coupling a Scanning Mobility Sizer and Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometer (SMPS-ICPMS)
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A Practical Guide on Coupling a Scanning Mobility Sizer and Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometer (SMPS-ICPMS)

Published on: July 11, 2017

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Last Updated: May 28, 2026

Real-time Breath Analysis by Using Secondary Nanoelectrospray Ionization Coupled to High Resolution Mass Spectrometry
08:23

Real-time Breath Analysis by Using Secondary Nanoelectrospray Ionization Coupled to High Resolution Mass Spectrometry

Published on: March 9, 2018

A Practical Guide on Coupling a Scanning Mobility Sizer and Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometer (SMPS-ICPMS)
11:18

A Practical Guide on Coupling a Scanning Mobility Sizer and Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometer (SMPS-ICPMS)

Published on: July 11, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Biotechnology
  • Mass Spectrometry

Background:

  • Rapid identification of airborne pathogenic agents is critical for public health and security.
  • Conventional time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectrometry for bioaerosol detection suffers from particle size bias, low throughput, and limited mass resolution.
  • Existing methods require high vacuum and complex instrumentation, hindering field deployment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel analytical strategy for enhanced chemical characterization of airborne particles.
  • To improve the mass-resolving power and accuracy of bioaerosol detection systems.
  • To achieve sensitive and rapid identification of pathogenic agents in aerosols.

Main Methods:

  • Spatially separating aerosol particle ionization and mass analysis.
  • Utilizing laser ionization at elevated pressures (1-10 Torr) within an ion funnel.
  • Employing a compact orthogonal acceleration time-of-flight (oaTOF) mass spectrometer with an ion-guiding system.
  • Implementing selective removal of noninformative low-mass ions.

Main Results:

  • Achieved an order of magnitude improvement in mass-resolving power compared to standard instruments.
  • Demonstrated high-quality mass spectra collection in under 10 seconds.
  • Reached detection sensitivity as low as approximately 1 attomole of biological material.
  • Enabled operation with only two small pumps.

Conclusions:

  • The novel spatially separated ionization and analysis strategy significantly enhances bioaerosol detection capabilities.
  • This compact and sensitive system offers a promising solution for rapid identification of airborne threats.
  • The improved performance facilitates more accurate and efficient chemical characterization of airborne particles.