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Neuroinflammation and Prefrontal Cortical Microcircuits: A Narrative Review of Hints from Experimental Models
Maria Concetta Geloso1,2, Gabriele Di Sante3, Alberto Granato4
1Section of Human Anatomy, Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy.
Cells
|May 27, 2026
Summary
Neuroinflammation disrupts prefrontal cortex (PFC) microcircuits, impacting cognitive functions. Understanding these changes is crucial for addressing neuroinflammation-related cognitive dysfunction.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Neuroinflammation Research
- Cognitive Neuroscience
Background:
- Neuroinflammation is a key factor in cognitive and neuropsychiatric disorders.
- The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is highly susceptible to inflammatory damage due to its unique characteristics.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review experimental evidence on how neuroinflammation affects PFC microcircuitry.
- To examine the impact on PFC neurons and interneurons and identify regional vulnerabilities.
Main Methods:
- Narrative review of experimental models of neuroinflammation impacting the PFC.
- Analysis of studies focusing on PFC microcircuit players and regional features.
Main Results:
- Neuroinflammation is shown to destabilize PFC microcircuits.
- Heterogeneity across studies complicates direct comparisons, highlighting the need for standardized approaches.
Conclusions:
- Neuroinflammation significantly impacts PFC microcircuit integrity and function.
- Further mechanistic and longitudinal studies are needed to fully understand how inflammation reshapes PFC computation and leads to cognitive deficits.
