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Related Concept Videos

Animal Mitochondrial Genetics02:59

Animal Mitochondrial Genetics

Among all the organelles in an animal cell, only mitochondria have their own independent genomes. Animal mitochondrial DNA is a double-stranded, closed-circular molecule with around 20,000 base pairs. Mitochondrial DNA is unique in that one of its two strands, the heavy, or H, -strand is guanine rich, whereas the complementary strand is cytosine rich and called the light, or L, -strand. Compared to nuclear DNA, mitochondrial DNA has a very low percentage of non-coding regions and is marked by...
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A eukaryotic cell can have up to three different types of genetic systems: nuclear, mitochondrial, and chloroplast. During evolution, organelles have exported many genes to the nucleus; this transfer is still ongoing in some plant species. Approximately 18% of the Arabidopsis thaliana nuclear genome is thought to be derived from the chloroplast’s cyanobacterial ancestor, and around 75% of the yeast genome derived from the mitochondria’s bacterial ancestor. This export has occurred irrespective...

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Updated: May 28, 2026

Transmitochondrial Cybrid Generation Using Cancer Cell Lines
07:49

Transmitochondrial Cybrid Generation Using Cancer Cell Lines

Published on: March 17, 2023

An Enhanced Method for Transmitochondrial Cybrid Generation.

Luke Weaver1,2, Mikhail F Alexeyev1

  • 1Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688, USA.

Cells
|May 27, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces improved methods for transmitochondrial cybrid technology, enhancing the study of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations and nuclear-mitochondrial interactions. These advances make cybrid creation more efficient and accessible for research.

Keywords:
carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazonechemical enucleationmitochondrial DNAmitomycin Cniclosamide

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Last Updated: May 28, 2026

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Genetics
  • Mitochondrial Biology

Background:

  • Transmitochondrial cybrid technology is crucial for studying mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations and nuclear-mitochondrial interactions.
  • Current limitations include the availability of recipient cell lines and complex enucleation methods.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To enhance the efficiency and accessibility of transmitochondrial cybrid technology.
  • To develop improved methods for cybrid generation, selection, and experimental flexibility.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized mitomycin C for gentler enucleation of donor cells.
  • Employed mitochondrial uncouplers for improved cybrid selection.
  • Validated mtDNA-free (ρ 0) cell lines (HCT116, HT1080, U2OS) as recipient cells.
  • Demonstrated cryopreservation of enucleated cells for long-term storage and fusion competence.

Main Results:

  • Mitomycin C offers a gentler alternative for enucleation.
  • Mitochondrial uncouplers effectively reduce non-cybrid cell survival.
  • Newly developed ρ 0 cell lines are effective recipients.
  • Enucleated cells retained fusion competence after 10 years of cryopreservation.

Conclusions:

  • The reported advances significantly improve donor cell preparation and cybrid selection.
  • Enhanced experimental flexibility and accessibility are key outcomes.
  • These improvements are expected to broaden the application of transmitochondrial cybrid technology in research.