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Related Concept Videos

Proteins: Dietary Sources and Requirements01:28

Proteins: Dietary Sources and Requirements

Consuming animal-based products offers high-quality proteins that contain optimal levels and combinations of essential amino acids, crucial for tissue repair and growth. Foods like eggs, milk, fish, and most meats are a source of complete proteins. Legumes and cereals are abundant in proteins; however, they typically lack a full range of essential amino acids. As a result, they are considered incomplete protein sources. Some plant sources like soybeans, quinoa, and amaranth do contain complete...
Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age01:27

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age

Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution01:00

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution

Drug distribution in the human body is influenced by several factors, including plasma protein concentration, body composition, blood flow, tissue-protein concentration, and tissue fluid pH. Among these, changes in plasma protein concentration and body composition due to aging significantly affect how drugs are distributed within the body. Specifically, aging is associated with a decrease in albumin levels by about 10% and an increase in α1-acid glycoprotein levels. These alterations are not...
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption01:22

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption

As individuals age, their body's physiology evolves, affecting drug pharmacokinetics. The most apparent changes occur in the gastrointestinal tract, where an increase in gastric pH, a delay in gastric emptying, and a reduction in gastrointestinal motility are observed. Remarkably, these changes do not substantially modify the absorption of orally administered drugs, particularly those absorbed via passive diffusion.Transdermal drug delivery emerges as a highly viable method for older adults due...
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism01:18

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism

Geriatric patients show significant variation in how their bodies process medications, which can change how effective and safe treatments are. The liver is the primary organ where drug metabolism occurs, involving two main types of chemical reactions: phase I and II. Phase I metabolism is driven by the cytochrome P450 enzyme system, which includes key types such as CYP3A, CYP2D6, and CYP2C9. Research indicates that while aging doesn't notably alter the levels or activity of these enzymes, it...
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion01:18

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion

In geriatric patients, renal physiology undergoes significant changes, including diminished renal blood flow and a lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR), leading to alterations in medication clearance. Drugs such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, lithium, and digoxin, which rely on glomerular filtration for removal from the body, particularly impact pharmacokinetics. These drugs tend to have slower clearance rates in older adults, necessitating careful dosage considerations.Evaluation of renal...

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Updated: May 28, 2026

Semi-Targeted Ultra-High-Performance Chromatography Coupled to Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Phenolic Metabolites in Plasma of Elderly Adults
14:39

Semi-Targeted Ultra-High-Performance Chromatography Coupled to Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Phenolic Metabolites in Plasma of Elderly Adults

Published on: April 22, 2022

Dietary Polyamine Intake Across Age Groups in Spain: A Comprehensive Assessment.

Natalia Toro-Funes1,2, Oriol Comas-Basté1,2, Mariluz Latorre-Moratalla1,2

  • 1Bioactive Amines and Polyamines in Food Research Group (BAPfood), Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, Food and Nutrition Torribera Campus, University of Barcelona, Av. Prat de la Riba 171, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain.

Nutrients
|May 27, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Dietary intake of polyamines like putrescine (PU), spermidine (SPD), and spermine (SPM) is crucial for health, especially with aging. The Spanish population

Keywords:
Mediterranean dietelderlyhealthy agingnutritionpolyamineputrescinespermidinespermine

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 28, 2026

Semi-Targeted Ultra-High-Performance Chromatography Coupled to Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Phenolic Metabolites in Plasma of Elderly Adults
14:39

Semi-Targeted Ultra-High-Performance Chromatography Coupled to Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Phenolic Metabolites in Plasma of Elderly Adults

Published on: April 22, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Nutritional Science
  • Gerontology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Polyamines (putrescine, spermidine, spermine) are vital for cellular functions and may protect against age-related diseases.
  • Dietary polyamine intake is increasingly important as endogenous synthesis declines with age, particularly for older adults.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To estimate polyamine (PU, SPD, SPM) and total polyamine intake in the Spanish population.
  • To identify major dietary sources of polyamines across different age groups.
  • To assess polyamine intake relative to optimal levels for healthy aging.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized food consumption data from the Spanish Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food.
  • Calculated estimated intake for individual polyamines (PU, SPD, SPM) and total polyamines.
  • Analyzed intake patterns across four age groups and identified key food sources.

Main Results:

  • Total polyamine intake increased with age, reaching 393 µmol/day in those over 65.
  • Putrescine (PU) was the most abundant (49%), followed by spermidine (SPD) (29%) and spermine (SPM) (22%).
  • Plant-based foods (vegetables, fruits, cereals) were primary sources for SPD and PU; meat products were key for SPM. A Mediterranean diet model showed higher SPD intake.

Conclusions:

  • Estimated polyamine intake in the Spanish population is below the recommended optimal level of 540 µmol/day.
  • Public health initiatives should encourage consumption of polyamine-rich foods like vegetables, legumes, whole grains, and fruits.
  • Increased intake of these foods can support healthy aging and mitigate risks of age-related diseases.