Multiparameter Effect Study on Lactose and Whey Permeate Conversion to Lactic Acid and HMF Catalysed by Erbium

Area of Science:

• Chemical Engineering
• Materials Science
• Biotechnology

Background:

• Cheese production generates significant whey permeate waste, rich in lactose.
• Lactose valorization into lactic acid (LA) offers a sustainable route to bioplastics like polylactic acid.
• Heterogeneous catalysis presents an efficient method for converting lactose to LA.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the conversion of industrial whey permeate and purified lactose into lactic acid using a novel Er2O3/Al2O3 heterogeneous catalyst.
• To optimize reaction conditions and assess catalyst performance and deactivation.
• To explore a value-added application for dairy industry waste streams.

Main Methods:

• Utilized Er2O3/Al2O3 as a heterogeneous catalyst for lactic acid production.
• Tested both industrial whey permeate and purified lactose as feedstocks.
• Investigated the effects of mixing speed, temperature, pressure, and catalyst reuse on LA yield.
• Analyzed catalyst deactivation using X-ray fluorescence (XRF).

Main Results:

• Achieved a 14% lactic acid yield from whey permeate and a maximum of 22% from purified lactose.
• LA yield was independent of mixing speed and pressure but influenced by temperature.
• Catalyst deactivation was observed, with a significant drop in Er2O3 content after reuse.
• Catalyst leaching was quantified, indicating a loss of active material.

Conclusions:

• The Er2O3/Al2O3 catalyst demonstrates potential for converting lactose-rich dairy waste into lactic acid.
• Catalyst deactivation and leaching require further investigation for process optimization and long-term viability.
• This valorization pathway offers a promising approach to reduce dairy waste and produce valuable bioplastic precursors.