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Published on: December 22, 2017
Comparative Phenotype and Transcriptome Profiling in Some Grapevine Cultivars in Response to Drought Stress.
Igor Gavrilenko1, Ekaterina Vodiasova1,2, Victoria Uppe1,2
1Federal State Funded Institution of Science, The Labor Red Banner Order Nikita Botanical Gardens-National Scientific Center of the RAS, Nikita, 298648 Yalta, Russia.
Grapevine drought tolerance was assessed using phenotypic traits and transcriptomic data. Key indicators like leaf and root development, alongside gene expression in glutathione metabolism and methylation, reveal drought response mechanisms.
Area of Science:
- Agricultural Science
- Plant Biology
- Genomics
Background:
- Drought stress significantly impacts crop growth, development, and yield.
- Understanding grapevine response to drought is crucial for viticulture sustainability.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of drought stress on grapevine cultivars.
- To identify sensitive phenotypic characteristics and key gene expression patterns related to drought tolerance.
Main Methods:
- Phenotypic assessment of 30 grapevine cultivars under drought conditions.
- Transcriptomic analysis of five cultivars under control and mannitol-induced stress.
- Identification of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and expression patterns.
Main Results:
- Number of new leaves (NL), number of second-order roots (NR2), and length of second-order roots (LR2) were identified as sensitive biometric traits.
- Drought stress induced antioxidant defense systems and altered metabolism (glucan, cellulose, polysaccharides, fatty acids, etc.).
- Specific gene expression patterns were observed between tolerant and sensitive cultivars.
Conclusions:
- Sensitive phenotypic traits can determine optimal stress levels for grapevine cultivation.
- Grapevine drought tolerance may be linked to enhanced glutathione metabolism and methylation gene expression.
- Transcriptomic data provides insights into molecular mechanisms underlying grapevine drought response.
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Transcription
Transcription is the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in the proper synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA). Regulation of transcription is responsible for the differentiation of all the different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds...
Gene Regulation During Sporulation
