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Published on: July 18, 2018
Smart Hydrogel Architectures for Sensors: Narrative Review
Jūratė Jolanta Petronienė1, Tadas Rasimavičius1, Darius Viržonis1
1Department of Mechatronics, Robotics and Digital Manufacturing, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Plytinės g. 25, LT-10105 Vilnius, Lithuania.
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|May 27, 2026
Summary
Advanced hydrogel sensors offer real-time monitoring for wearable devices. Innovations in materials and 3D printing promise enhanced healthcare applications and customized health monitoring systems.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science and Engineering
- Biomedical Engineering
- Nanotechnology
Background:
- Hydrogel sensors are crucial for real-time monitoring of mechanical, thermal, and biochemical signals in wearable and implantable devices.
- Biomimetic and programmable properties of hydrogels enable advancements in wound repair and soft tissue interface management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the latest advances in hydrogel-based sensors from 2023 to spring 2026.
- To examine design strategies, including polymer use, nanomaterial reinforcement, ionic solvents, and crosslinking methods.
- To explore the impact of supramolecular hydrogels on sensor performance and biomedical applications.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of recent literature (2023-spring 2026) on hydrogel sensors.
- Analysis of design strategies: polymer selection, nanomaterial integration (carbon nanostructures, nanodots), ionic solvents, and crosslinking techniques.
- Evaluation of supramolecular hydrogel effects on mechanical resistance, ionic conductivity, adaptation, and self-healing properties.
Main Results:
- Hydrogel sensors are advancing with novel materials like carbon nanostructures for electrical conductivity and nanodots for enhanced performance.
- 3D printing technology facilitates the creation of customizable health monitoring devices.
- Supramolecular hydrogels significantly influence sensor parameters, improving mechanical resistance, ionic conductivity, adaptation, and self-healing capabilities.
Conclusions:
- Hydrogel sensor technology is rapidly evolving, with significant potential for multifunctional monitoring systems in healthcare.
- Challenges and opportunities lie in advancing hydrogel chemistry and mechanics for practical applications.
- Regular reviews are essential to accelerate the adoption of innovative hydrogel-based sensing solutions.
