The Luo-Dingyuan Thyroid Vascular-Lymphatic Segmentation Classification: A Functional Anatomy-Based Framework to...

Area of Science:

• Anatomy
• Oncology
• Endocrinology

Background:

• Hypothyroidism is a common consequence of thyroid surgery, often requiring hormone replacement with potential adverse effects.
• Current management trends favor de-escalation, active surveillance, and local ablation, necessitating precise anatomical localization.
• A need exists for an anatomical framework supporting function-preserving thyroid management without compromising oncologic safety.

Purpose of the Study:

• To propose and describe the Luo-Dingyuan Segmental Classification (Luo Segmental Classification) of thyroid anatomy.
• To explore the potential clinical applications of this novel classification system.

Main Methods:

• The Luo Segmental Classification integrates classical thyroid anatomy, vascular territories, and lymphatic drainage.
• Each thyroid lobe is divided into six reproducible segments based on longitudinal thirds and anterior/posterior subdivisions.
• The isthmus and pyramidal lobe are defined as independent anatomical units.

Main Results:

• The classification divides the thyroid into anatomically and functionally distinct segments linked to vascular and lymphatic territories.
• It enables standardized anatomical localization of thyroid nodules across ultrasonography, CT, and MRI.
• Segment-based localization facilitates precise tumor description, individualized treatment planning, and a unified anatomical language.

Conclusions:

• The Luo Segmental Classification offers an anatomy-based framework for precise, individualized thyroid cancer management.
• It supports function-preserving strategies and addresses the need for improved anatomical understanding.
• This classification may help reduce unnecessary thyroid tissue loss and permanent hypothyroidism.