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Related Concept Videos

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Stimuli-Activated01:30

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Stimuli-Activated

Stimuli-activated drug delivery systems are designed to release drugs in response to specific physical, chemical, or biological stimuli. These systems often utilize hydrogels—three-dimensional, hydrophilic polymer networks capable of swelling in aqueous environments and retaining significant fluid volumes. Upon exposure to particular stimuli, these hydrogels undergo structural transitions that allow the embedded drug to be released. Due to this adaptive behavior, such systems are also called...
Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed II01:19

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Rate-programmed drug delivery systems release drugs in a controlled manner to maintain therapeutic levels. Three main designs include reservoir, matrix, and hybrid systems.Reservoir systems consist of a drug core enclosed within a membrane that controls drug release. In non-swelling reservoir systems, polymers like ethyl cellulose or polymethacrylates are used. These do not hydrate in aqueous media and control release through membrane thickness, porosity, or insolubility. This type includes...
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Rate-programmed drug delivery systems (DDS) are designed to release drugs at specific, controlled rates to maintain consistent therapeutic levels. These systems are categorized based on their release mechanisms, including dissolution-controlled DDS, diffusion-controlled DDS, and combined dissolution-diffusion-controlled DDS.In dissolution-controlled DDS, the release rate depends on the slow dissolution of the drug itself or the surrounding matrix. Drugs with inherently slow dissolution rates,...
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Delayed-release drug delivery systems are specialized pharmaceutical formulations designed to postpone the release of active compounds until the drug reaches a specific region of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, typically the intestine. These systems are essential for drugs that may cause gastric irritation, are unstable in acidic environments, or need to exert therapeutic effects locally in the intestinal or colonic regions.The core feature of delayed-release systems is the use of enteric...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 28, 2026

3D Imaging of PDL Collagen Fibers during Orthodontic Tooth Movement in Mandibular Murine Model
09:33

3D Imaging of PDL Collagen Fibers during Orthodontic Tooth Movement in Mandibular Murine Model

Published on: April 15, 2021

Sustained-Release RANKL Microneedles for Safe Orthodontic Acceleration.

W Qu1, C Zhan1, Q Dai1

  • 1Division of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.

Journal of Dental Research
|May 27, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Microneedle (MN) patches deliver receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) to accelerate orthodontic tooth movement (OTM). This approach safely enhances OTM with reduced root resorption compared to direct injection.

Keywords:
RANK ligandbone remodelingdrug delivery systemsnanoparticlesorthodontic tooth movementosteoclasts

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Last Updated: May 28, 2026

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09:33

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Published on: April 15, 2021

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Published on: November 17, 2015

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Orthodontics
  • Drug Delivery Systems

Background:

  • Prolonged orthodontic treatment poses risks, necessitating faster, safer methods.
  • Microneedles (MNs) offer minimally invasive, localized drug delivery for improved patient outcomes.
  • Controlled release of biomolecules is key to accelerating orthodontic tooth movement (OTM).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a microneedle (MN) patch for sustained, localized delivery of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL).
  • To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the RANKL-loaded MN patch in accelerating OTM and bone remodeling.
  • To compare the MN delivery system with direct RANKL injection regarding tooth movement and root resorption.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a detachable MN patch integrating mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) within a supramolecular hydrogel for hierarchical RANKL release.
  • In vitro assessment of MN biocompatibility, mechanical strength, and RANKL release kinetics and bioactivity.
  • In vivo evaluation of the RANKL-loaded MN patch in a rat OTM model, assessing tooth movement, bone remodeling, and root resorption.

Main Results:

  • The developed MSN@CMC-MPP⊂CB[8] MN patches showed good biocompatibility and mechanical properties for gingival penetration.
  • In vitro studies confirmed sustained RANKL release from MSNs, preserving bioactivity for osteoclastogenesis.
  • In vivo, RANKL-loaded MN patches accelerated OTM and bone remodeling, with significantly less root resorption than direct RANKL injection.

Conclusions:

  • The hierarchical-release MN patch provides a safe and effective platform for localized, sustained RANKL delivery.
  • This innovative microneedle technology significantly enhances orthodontic treatment efficiency while minimizing adverse effects like root resorption.
  • The developed MN system represents a promising advancement for accelerating orthodontic tooth movement.