High-Frequency Ultrasound Compared to Periodontal Probing for Pocket Depth Assessment: A Diagnostic Accuracy Study

High-frequency ultrasound (US-PD) and probing pocket depth (PPD) estimations were conducted in 539 teeth from 34 participants. The mean PPD was 1.83 ± 0.55 mm, and US-PD was 1.86 ± 0.64 mm. The mean absolute deviation was 0.54 ± 0.45 mm, mean difference based on Bland-Altman analysis was -0.03 mm, and ROC analysis showed that HFUS has a fair performance in identifying sites with ≥ 3 mm PPD, with an AUC of 0.718 (95% CI: 0.617-0.820). The prototype HFUS investigated can potentially be used for pocket assessment in buccal surfaces, with depth estimations similar to those obtained by probing.