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Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

Cell-mediated Immune Responses

Overview
T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...

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Generation of CAR T Cells for Adoptive Therapy in the Context of Glioblastoma Standard of Care
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Published on: February 16, 2015

Adoptive T-Cell Immunotherapy.

Stephen Gottschalk1, Catherine M Bollard2, Cliona M Rooney3

  • 1Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA. stephen.gottschalk@stjude.org.

Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology
|May 27, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-specific T cells (EBVSTs) show promise for treating EBV-associated cancers, especially after stem cell transplants. Enhancements in T-cell engineering aim to improve efficacy against challenging tumors and expand cell therapy accessibility.

Keywords:
EBVEBV-associated malignanciesGenetically engineered T cellsImmunotherapyT-cell therapyVirus-specific T cells

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Oncology
  • Cell Therapy

Background:

  • Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) drives various cancers through distinct latent antigen expression patterns.
  • Tumor immunogenicity and T-cell therapy response are significantly influenced by viral antigen expression.
  • Adoptive transfer of EBV-specific T cells (EBVSTs) is highly effective for posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD) post-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the clinical efficacy and advancements in EBV-specific T-cell (EBVST) therapies for EBV-associated malignancies.
  • To explore strategies for overcoming challenges in treating type 2 latency EBV tumors.
  • To highlight the potential of genetically engineered T cells in enhancing antitumor immunity.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical data on EBVST efficacy in PTLD and other EBV-associated diseases.
  • Analysis of strategies involving T cells targeting type 2 latency antigens (LMP1, LMP2, EBNA1, BARF1).
  • Evaluation of genetic engineering techniques to enhance T-cell function (e.g., drug resistance, cytokine support, improved trafficking).

Main Results:

  • EBVSTs demonstrate exceptional efficacy, safety, and durability in PTLD post-HSCT.
  • Multispecific virus-specific T cells (VSTs) and "off-the-shelf" products increase accessibility and enable urgent treatment.
  • Targeting type 2 latency antigens and employing genetic engineering show promise for overcoming immune evasion in challenging tumors.

Conclusions:

  • EBVSTs are a safe and durable therapeutic option for EBV-associated diseases.
  • Ongoing innovations in T-cell engineering and antigen targeting will broaden VST applicability.
  • Cell therapies hold significant potential for treating EBV-associated and other cancers.