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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 29, 2026

Monitoring Breast Cancer Growth and Metastatic Colony Formation in Mice using Bioluminescence

Monitoring Breast Cancer Growth and Metastatic Colony Formation in Mice using Bioluminescence

Published on: November 5, 2021

PGAM1 Orchestrates Cell Cycle Progression, Glycolytic Reprogramming, and Immunosuppressive Microenvironment in

Shunshun Zhang¹, Xuewei Zheng^1,2,3, Siya Tang¹

¹School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China.

|May 27, 2026

Summary

Phosphoglycerate mutase 1 (PGAM1) drives triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) progression by linking cell cycle, metabolism, and immune evasion. Targeting PGAM1 may inhibit TNBC growth and alter the tumor immune microenvironment.

Keywords:

PGAM1 TNBC cell cycle glycolysis reprogramming tumor immunology

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Published on: February 24, 2026

Area of Science:

Oncology
Molecular Biology
Cancer Metabolism

Background:

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is aggressive, with limited therapeutic targets.
TNBC exhibits uncontrolled cell cycle, metabolic reprogramming, and immune evasion.

Purpose of the Study:

Identify key regulators of TNBC progression.
Investigate the role of phosphoglycerate mutase 1 (PGAM1) in TNBC.

Main Methods:

Integrated bulk and single-cell transcriptomic analyses.
Functional assays including PGAM1 silencing.
Co-culture systems to assess macrophage polarization.

Main Results:

PGAM1 is upregulated in TNBC, correlating with G2/M phase activity.
PGAM1 silencing inhibits TNBC proliferation, migration, and induces G2/M arrest.
PGAM1 knockdown impairs glycolysis and lactate production.
Reduced lactate suppresses M2 macrophage polarization and alleviates immunosuppression.

Conclusions:

PGAM1 is a central regulator linking cell cycle, metabolism, and immune evasion in TNBC.
PGAM1 inhibition offers a dual therapeutic strategy: reducing tumor growth and modulating the immune microenvironment.
PGAM1 is a promising therapeutic target for TNBC.