Prospective evaluation of occlusion time and force distribution in implant-supported fixed prostheses using the...

Area of Science:

• Dental Implantology
• Biomaterials Science
• Prosthodontics

Background:

• Osseointegrated implants lack periodontal ligaments, altering occlusal force distribution and proprioception.
• Implant-Protected Occlusion (IPO) aims to minimize stress via optimized load distribution.
• Long-term stability of occlusal contacts and force distribution in multiple implant prostheses requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate changes in relative occlusal force (ROF) and occlusion time (OT) after placing posterior multiple implant-supported prostheses.
• To assess the effect of these prostheses on force equilibration within the dental arch.
• To understand the dynamic nature of occlusal forces in implant restorations.

Main Methods:

• Prospective follow-up study of 25 patients with posterior multiple implant-supported fixed prostheses.
• Utilized the T-Scan III system to quantify ROF and OT at baseline, post-placement, and at 3- and 6-month follow-ups.
• Analyzed occlusal variations using Wilcoxon signed-rank and Friedman tests, with the contralateral side as control.

Main Results:

• Significant increase in ROF for implant-supported prostheses over time.
• Force distribution achieved greater equilibration by the 6-month follow-up.
• Initial anterior force concentration shifted posteriorly, restoring balance; occlusion time gradually increased.

Conclusions:

• Occlusal parameters in implant-supported prostheses are dynamic and change over time.
• Periodic monitoring and adjustment are essential for implant restorations.
• Maintaining functional harmony and preventing excessive loading are crucial for long-term implant success.