Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Cohesion01:07

Cohesion

Cohesion is the attraction between molecules of the same type, such as water molecules. Water molecules have an overall neutral charge but are polar molecule. An oxygen atom in one water molecule has a partial negative charge that can bind to a hydrogen atom with a partial positive charge in a second water molecule, forming a hydrogen bond. Each water molecule can form up to four hydrogen bonds with other water molecules. Hydrogen bonds are responsible for water's cohesive nature.
On a surface,...
Adhesion01:14

Adhesion

Adhesion occurs when one type of molecule is attracted to a different molecule. Water exhibits adhesive properties in the presence of polar surfaces, such as glass or cellulose in plants. For instance, when water is poured into a glass, the positively charged hydrogen molecules of water are more attracted to the negatively charged oxygen molecules in the silica than to the oxygen in neighboring water molecules.
Capillary action is a result of water’s adhesive tendencies. When a narrow glass...
Surface Tension, Capillary Action, and Viscosity02:57

Surface Tension, Capillary Action, and Viscosity

Surface Tension
The various IMFs between identical molecules of a substance are examples of cohesive forces. The molecules within a liquid are surrounded by other molecules and are attracted equally in all directions by the cohesive forces within the liquid. However, the molecules on the surface of a liquid are attracted only by about one-half as many molecules. Because of the unbalanced molecular attractions on the surface molecules, liquids contract to form a shape that minimizes the number...
Introduction to Chemical Bonds01:01

Introduction to Chemical Bonds

Chemical Bonds
The electrons of the outermost energy level determine the energetic stability of the atom and its tendency to form chemical bonds with other atoms. The innermost electron shell has a maximum capacity of two electrons, but the next two electron shells can each have a maximum of eight electrons. This is known as the octet rule, which states that, with the exception of the innermost shell, atoms are most stable energetically when they have eight electrons in their valence shell, the...
Hydrogen Bonds00:26

Hydrogen Bonds

Hydrogen bonds are weak attractions between atoms that have formed other chemical bonds. One of these atoms is electronegative, like oxygen, and has a partial negative charge. The other is a hydrogen atom that has bonded with another electronegative atom and has a partial positive charge.
Hydrogen Bonds Control the World!
Because hydrogen has very weak electronegativity when it binds with a strongly electronegative atom, such as oxygen or nitrogen, electrons in the bond are unequally shared.
Hydrogen Bonds01:04

Hydrogen Bonds

A hydrogen bond is formed when a weakly positive hydrogen atom already bonded to one electronegative atom (for example, the oxygen in the water molecule) is attracted to another electronegative atom from another polar molecule, such as water (H2O), hydrogen fluoride (HF), or ammonia (NH3). The huge electronegativity difference between the H atom (2.1) and the atom to which it is bonded (4.0 for an F atom, 3.5 for an O atom, or 3.0 for an N atom), combined with the very small size of an H atom...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Strong Adhesives Mediated by Dynamic Phase-Locking.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2026
Same author

Harnessing N─H···O═V Bonding Toward Stable Vanadium Cathodes in Ah-Level Zn-Ion Batteries.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2026
Same author

Amphibious Breathable Ionic Skin Enabled by Dynamically Interlocked Star-Shaped Ionic Liquid Telomers.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2026
Same author

Deep Eutectic Solvent-Mediated Engineering of Polyamide Membranes for High-Performance Loose Nanofiltration.

Polymer science & technology (Washington, D.C.)·2026
Same author

Dual Polyamide Thin-Film Composite Membrane With Multiscale Hetero-Channels and Mosaic Charge Architecture for Boosting Ion Transport and Osmotic Energy Conversion.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026
Same author

Colossal Piezoionic Effect from Hierarchical Asymmetries in Soft Ionotronics.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 31, 2026

Proof-of-Concept for Gas-Entrapping Membranes Derived from Water-Loving SiO2/Si/SiO2 Wafers for Green Desalination
09:39

Proof-of-Concept for Gas-Entrapping Membranes Derived from Water-Loving SiO2/Si/SiO2 Wafers for Green Desalination

Published on: March 1, 2020

Harnessing Water Molecules for Strong Underwater Adhesion.

Biaolong Ma1, Yi Yang1, Jiqiang Wang1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Shandong Marine Biobased Fibers and Ecological Textiles, Institute of Marine Biobased Materials, Qingdao University, Qingdao, P. R. China.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|May 29, 2026
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a novel underwater adhesive that uses water to enhance bonding strength, overcoming limitations in marine exploration materials. The innovative design improves both interfacial bonding and cohesive strength for robust underwater adhesion.

Keywords:
adhesive paradoxburst pressurephase separationunderwater adhesivewater‐induced toughening

More Related Videos

Synthesis of Hydrogels with Antifouling Properties As Membranes for Water Purification
07:32

Synthesis of Hydrogels with Antifouling Properties As Membranes for Water Purification

Published on: April 7, 2017

Measurement of Dynamic Force Acted on Water Strider Leg Jumping Upward by the PVDF Film Sensor
07:17

Measurement of Dynamic Force Acted on Water Strider Leg Jumping Upward by the PVDF Film Sensor

Published on: August 3, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 31, 2026

Proof-of-Concept for Gas-Entrapping Membranes Derived from Water-Loving SiO2/Si/SiO2 Wafers for Green Desalination
09:39

Proof-of-Concept for Gas-Entrapping Membranes Derived from Water-Loving SiO2/Si/SiO2 Wafers for Green Desalination

Published on: March 1, 2020

Synthesis of Hydrogels with Antifouling Properties As Membranes for Water Purification
07:32

Synthesis of Hydrogels with Antifouling Properties As Membranes for Water Purification

Published on: April 7, 2017

Measurement of Dynamic Force Acted on Water Strider Leg Jumping Upward by the PVDF Film Sensor
07:17

Measurement of Dynamic Force Acted on Water Strider Leg Jumping Upward by the PVDF Film Sensor

Published on: August 3, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Surface Science

Background:

  • Underwater adherable materials are crucial for marine exploration.
  • Existing adhesives struggle with a balance between interfacial bonding and cohesive strength in wet conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a water-induced, toughening underwater adhesive that transforms water from a hindrance to a performance enhancer.
  • To resolve the trade-off between interfacial bonding and cohesive strength in underwater adhesives.

Main Methods:

  • Designed an adhesive with both hydrophilic and hydrophobic units for adaptive adhesion to rough surfaces.
  • Utilized water molecules to activate in situ polymer chain interactions, inducing phase separation and enhancing mechanical properties.
  • Evaluated interfacial toughness, transparency, recyclability, and long-term stability.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a high underwater interfacial toughness of 1602 ± 85 J m⁻².
  • Demonstrated simultaneous robust interfacial bonding and high energy dissipation during peeling.
  • The adhesive exhibited transparency, recyclability, and long-term stability in aqueous environments.

Conclusions:

  • The developed water-induced toughening strategy effectively enhances underwater adhesive performance.
  • This approach offers a new paradigm for designing advanced underwater adhesive materials by leveraging water molecules.
  • The adhesive's properties make it suitable for diverse marine applications.