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Product Reformulation in Response to the 2016 FDA Updated Nutrition Facts Label.

C Ross Hatton^1,2, Joshua Petimar^1,3, Yutong Zhang¹

¹Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.

JAMA Health Forum

|May 29, 2026

Summary

The updated Nutrition Facts label did not significantly change the nutritional content of packaged foods. Stronger interventions are needed to encourage the food industry to reformulate products and improve public health.

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Published on: June 4, 2014

Area of Science:

Nutrition Science
Public Health Policy
Food Industry Analysis

Background:

The 2016 revision of the Nutrition Facts label emphasized calories and added sugars.
This revision aimed to encourage manufacturers to improve the nutritional quality of packaged foods.
However, the impact of the revised label on food product reformulation remained unevaluated.

Purpose of the Study:

To assess whether the adoption of the revised Nutrition Facts label was associated with changes in the nutrient content or serving size of packaged foods.
To analyze these changes across different food groups.

Main Methods:

A staggered difference-in-differences analysis was employed.
The study compared nutritional profiles of packaged foods before and after brands adopted the revised label.
Data included 12,097 products from 15 food groups sold at a northeastern supermarket chain between 2016 and 2019.

Main Results:

No substantial evidence of reformulation was found in response to the revised Nutrition Facts label.
Primary outcomes (serving size, calories, total sugar per serving) showed minimal changes across most food groups.
A slight decrease in calorie density was observed in nut products, but overall, the label changes did not meaningfully alter nutritional profiles.

Conclusions:

The revised Nutrition Facts label did not lead to significant improvements in the nutritional profiles of packaged foods.
Current label changes appear insufficient to drive meaningful industry reformulation.
More impactful interventions, such as front-of-package labeling, are recommended to encourage healthier food choices.