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Early Oncologic Outcomes of Robot-Assisted Versus Conventional Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy: A Propensity Score-Matching
Seung Ah Lee1, Ki Jo Kim1, Doyoun Woen1
1Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Annals of Surgical Oncology
|May 30, 2026
Summary
Robot-assisted nipple-sparing mastectomy (R-NSM) offers comparable oncologic outcomes to conventional nipple-sparing mastectomy (C-NSM). This breast cancer surgery showed no recurrence or mortality in the R-NSM group during follow-up.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Surgical Oncology
- Breast Cancer Research
Background:
- Robot-assisted nipple-sparing mastectomy (R-NSM) aims to reduce scarring and improve quality of life for breast cancer patients.
- Limited evidence exists on the oncologic outcomes of R-NSM compared to conventional nipple-sparing mastectomy (C-NSM).
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the oncologic outcomes between robot-assisted nipple-sparing mastectomy (R-NSM) and conventional nipple-sparing mastectomy (C-NSM).
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of patients undergoing nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM) with immediate breast reconstruction (2019-2022).
- Exclusion of risk-reducing cases.
- Propensity score matching (nearest-neighbor algorithm) to compare R-NSM and C-NSM groups, matching R-NSM patients to up to five controls.
Main Results:
- After matching, clinicopathologic variables were balanced between R-NSM and C-NSM groups.
- Median follow-up: 37.5 months (R-NSM) and 42.6 months (C-NSM).
- No locoregional recurrence, distant metastasis, or death in the R-NSM group; 7 recurrences (3.5%) in the C-NSM group. No significant differences in survival outcomes were observed via Kaplan-Meier analysis.
Conclusions:
- R-NSM demonstrates oncologically sound outcomes comparable to C-NSM.
- No recurrence or mortality observed in R-NSM patients with sufficient follow-up.
- R-NSM is a feasible surgical option for selected early-stage breast cancer patients.
