Assessing Quality and Safety: Mineral and Metal Content in Local and Imported Honey From Dhaka City

Honey is a natural sweetener valued for its nutritional and potential health benefits. However, honey's essential minerals and toxic metals can significantly impact its quality and safety. A total of 12 (n = 12) honey samples, including both local and imported, were assessed for concentrations of essential minerals (iron, zinc, and manganese) and toxic heavy metals (cadmium, chromium, and lead) using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). The findings revealed significant variability in mineral content, with imported honey generally containing higher levels of iron and manganese. Zinc concentrations were similar between local and imported honey. Concerning toxic metals, cadmium levels in 4 local samples out of 6 and all imported (6) honey samples exceeded the maximum allowable limit. Health risk assessment using Target Hazard Quotient (THQ) and Hazard Index (HI) indicated no immediate non-carcinogenic risk (HI <1), though cadmium contributed the highest proportion to the HI, particularly in local honey. Chromium and lead levels were within safe limits for all samples. The study emphasizes the importance of regular monitoring and stringent quality control to ensure the safety of honey. Further research should investigate the sources of cadmium in local honey and develop mitigation strategies.