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Related Concept Videos

Metastasis02:30

Metastasis

Metastasis is the spread of cancer cells from the original site to distant locations in the body. Cancer cells can spread via blood vessels (hematogenous) as well as lymph vessels in the body.
Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition or EMT is a developmental process commonly observed in wound healing, embryogenesis, and cancer metastasis. EMT is induced by transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) or receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) ligands, which further...
Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 2, 2026

A Syngeneic Mouse Model of Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma for Quantitative and Longitudinal Assessment of Preclinical Therapies
06:38

A Syngeneic Mouse Model of Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma for Quantitative and Longitudinal Assessment of Preclinical Therapies

Published on: April 12, 2017

Should Metastatic Site Inform First-Line Therapy in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma?

Michael A Liu1, Kyle Miyazaki2, Karie Runcie3

  • 1Division of Hematology and Oncology, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 675 N Saint Clair St., Ste 20-150, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA. Michael.liu1@northwestern.edu.

Targeted Oncology
|June 1, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Frontline treatment for metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC) shows promise with immunotherapy-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (IO/TKI) combinations, especially for bone metastases. Tailoring therapy based on metastatic site may improve outcomes in advanced RCC.

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Comparing Metastatic Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Model Established in Mouse Kidney and on Chicken Chorioallantoic Membrane
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Comparing Metastatic Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Model Established in Mouse Kidney and on Chicken Chorioallantoic Membrane

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Modeling Spontaneous Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma (mRCC) in Mice Following Nephrectomy
11:27

Modeling Spontaneous Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma (mRCC) in Mice Following Nephrectomy

Published on: April 29, 2014

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 2, 2026

A Syngeneic Mouse Model of Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma for Quantitative and Longitudinal Assessment of Preclinical Therapies
06:38

A Syngeneic Mouse Model of Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma for Quantitative and Longitudinal Assessment of Preclinical Therapies

Published on: April 12, 2017

Comparing Metastatic Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Model Established in Mouse Kidney and on Chicken Chorioallantoic Membrane
05:36

Comparing Metastatic Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Model Established in Mouse Kidney and on Chicken Chorioallantoic Membrane

Published on: February 8, 2020

Modeling Spontaneous Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma (mRCC) in Mice Following Nephrectomy
11:27

Modeling Spontaneous Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma (mRCC) in Mice Following Nephrectomy

Published on: April 29, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunotherapy
  • Renal Cell Carcinoma Research

Background:

  • Frontline therapy for metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC) includes immunotherapy-doublet (IO/IO) and immunotherapy-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (IO/TKI) combinations.
  • Optimal regimen selection is challenging due to limited head-to-head trial data and evolving treatment landscapes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the hypothesis that IO/TKI combinations may be more effective in bone-predominant metastatic clear cell RCC.
  • To summarize the mechanistic rationale, clinical evidence, and practical implications of tailoring systemic therapy based on metastatic site in RCC.

Main Methods:

  • Review of subanalyses from landmark clinical trials.
  • Analysis of emerging real-world multicenter study data.
  • Examination of biological mechanisms, including tumor microenvironment and gene expression, related to different metastatic sites.

Main Results:

  • Subanalyses suggest differential treatment benefit based on metastatic site, with potential advantages for IO/TKI in bone metastases.
  • Bone metastases may create an immunosuppressive microenvironment and upregulate angiogenic factors, supporting the rationale for IO/TKI.
  • Data for liver metastases are scarce, but similar site-specific patterns are hypothesized.

Conclusions:

  • Metastatic site may be a critical factor in selecting frontline therapy for clear cell RCC.
  • IO/TKI combinations show potential for greater activity in bone-predominant disease.
  • Further research is needed to address critical gaps and optimize site-specific treatment strategies.