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Published on: January 7, 2013
Gentrification, measures of neighborhood change, and infant mortality in Michigan
Daria Murosko1,2,3, Molly Passarella4, Diana Montoya-Williams5,4,6
1Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. muroskod@chop.edu.
Objective:
Determine the association of infant mortality (IM) and gentrification, a composite measure of rising neighborhood income, education, and housing costs.
Study Design:
Retrospective cohort analysis of 672,432 infants born 2010-2019 across metropolitan Michigan. Multilevel multivariable regression models examined the association of gentrification and IM. Gentrification components were evaluated in separate models.
Results:
Gentrification was not associated with IM, but some of its components were. Living in a census tract with an above median rise in income or education attainment was associated with lower odds of IM, compared to below median change (Income: aOR=0.88; 95% CI: 0.82-0.95; Education: aOR=0.93; 95% CI: 0.86-0.997). Rent increases above the median were linked to higher IM among term infants and lower IM among infants <32 weeks' gestation. The association of IM with rising home values varied by maternal insurance status.
Conclusions:
Indicators of increasing community affluence, often combined to define gentrification, have opposing relationships with IM.
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