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Related Concept Videos

Treatment Resistent Cancers02:56

Treatment Resistent Cancers

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
Treatment Resistant Cancers02:56

Treatment Resistant Cancers

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
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Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
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Radiation: Applications01:17

Radiation: Applications

The average temperature of Earth is the subject of much current discussion. Earth is in radiative contact with both the Sun and dark space; it receives almost all its energy from the radiation of the Sun and reflects some of it into outer space. Dark space is very cold, about 3 K, so Earth radiates energy into it. For instance, heat transfer occurs from soil and grasses, the rate of which can be so rapid that frost can occur on clear summer evenings, even in warm latitudes.
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Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Proton Therapy Delivery and Its Clinical Application in Select Solid Tumor Malignancies
08:34

Proton Therapy Delivery and Its Clinical Application in Select Solid Tumor Malignancies

Published on: February 6, 2019

Proton therapy in Spain: SEOR-SPROMP multidisciplinary recommendations developed through a RAND/UCLA consensus

Antonio José Conde-Moreno1, Felipe Ángel Calvo Manuel2, Patricia Diezhandino García3

  • 1Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital Universitari I Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain. conde_ant@gva.es.

Clinical & Translational Oncology : Official Publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico
|June 1, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Proton beam therapy (PBT) is appropriate for many cancer types, especially in pediatrics and complex cases. This consensus provides a framework to guide its use, aiming for equitable access and reduced practice variability.

Keywords:
BiomedicalComputer-assistedConsensusIntensity-modulatedNeoplasmsProton therapyRadiotherapyRadiotherapy planningTechnology assessment

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Last Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Proton Therapy Delivery and Its Clinical Application in Select Solid Tumor Malignancies
08:34

Proton Therapy Delivery and Its Clinical Application in Select Solid Tumor Malignancies

Published on: February 6, 2019

Dynamic Lung Tumor Tracking for Stereotactic Ablative Body Radiation Therapy
08:17

Dynamic Lung Tumor Tracking for Stereotactic Ablative Body Radiation Therapy

Published on: June 7, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Radiation Oncology
  • Medical Physics

Background:

  • Proton beam therapy (PBT) offers dosimetric and biological advantages over conventional radiotherapy.
  • Clinical adoption of PBT is limited by accessibility, availability, and varied selection criteria.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the appropriateness of PBT across diverse oncological scenarios.
  • Establish updated guidelines for PBT utilization in cancer treatment.

Main Methods:

  • A RAND/UCLA appropriateness consensus process involving 118 national specialists.
  • 12 working groups rated 72 clinical statements on a 9-point Likert scale over two rounds.

Main Results:

  • Consensus was reached on 61 statements after two rounds.
  • 53 statements were deemed appropriate for PBT, 6 uncertain, and 2 inappropriate.
  • Appropriate indications include pediatric oncology, skull base tumors, sarcomas, head and neck cancers, and re-irradiation.

Conclusions:

  • This national consensus offers a structured framework for appropriate PBT use.
  • Recommendations aim to standardize clinical practice, improve access, and promote patient-centered PBT implementation.